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Shloka 30

Devotion in Kimpuruṣa-varṣa and the Glory of Bhārata-varṣa

Rāmacandra & Nara-Nārāyaṇa; Rivers, Varṇāśrama, and Liberation

श्रीशुक उवाच जम्बूद्वीपस्य च राजन्नुपद्वीपानष्टौ हैक उपदिशन्ति सगरात्मजैरश्‍वान्वेषण इमां महीं परितो निखनद्भ‍िरुपकल्पितान् ॥ २९ ॥ तद्यथा स्वर्णप्रस्थश्चन्द्रशुक्ल आवर्तनो रमणको मन्दरहरिण: पाञ्चजन्य: सिंहलो लङ्केति ॥ ३० ॥

śrī-śuka uvāca jambūdvīpasya ca rājann upadvīpān aṣṭau haika upadiśanti sagarātmajair aśvānveṣaṇa imāṁ mahīṁ parito nikhanadbhir upakalpitān; tad yathā svarṇaprasthaś candraśukla āvartano ramaṇako mandarahariṇaḥ pāñcajanyaḥ siṁhalo laṅketi.

They are named Svarṇaprastha, Candraśukla, Āvartana, Ramaṇaka, Mandara-hariṇa, Pāñcajanya, Siṁhala, and Laṅkā—these are said to be the surrounding sub-islands of Jambūdvīpa.

śrī-śukaḥŚrī Śuka
śrī-śukaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootśrī-śuka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; karmadhāraya: śrī + śuka
uvācasaid
uvāca:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (धातु)
FormLiṭ (perfect), 3rd person, singular, Parasmaipada
jambūdvīpasyaof Jambūdvīpa
jambūdvīpasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootjambūdvīpa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī, Ekavacana
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction particle
rājanO king
rājan:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootrājan (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Sambodhana, Ekavacana
upadvīpānsub-islands
upadvīpān:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootupadvīpa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Dvitīyā, Bahuvacana
aṣṭaueight
aṣṭau:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootaṣṭa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNumeral; Puṁliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana (used with sense ‘eight’)
haindeed
ha:
Prayojaka (प्रयोग)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootha (अव्यय)
FormEmphatic particle
ekesome
eke:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rooteka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana
upadiśantidescribe
upadiśanti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootdiś (धातु)
FormLaṭ (present), 3rd person, plural, Parasmaipada; upa + diś
sagarātmajaiḥby Sagara's sons
sagarātmajaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootsagara-ātmaja (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Tṛtīyā, Bahuvacana
aśvānveṣaṇein the horse-search
aśvānveṣaṇe:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootaśva-anveṣaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुṁsaka, Saptamī, Ekavacana
imāmthis
imām:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootidam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana
mahīmearth
mahīm:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootmahī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana
paritaḥaround
paritaḥ:
Deśa-sambandha (देशसम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootparitaḥ (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (around)
nikhanadbhiḥby digging
nikhanadbhiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeVerb
Rootni-khan (धातु)
FormPresent active participle, Puṁliṅga, Tṛtīyā, Bahuvacana
upakalpitānmade/formed
upakalpitān:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeVerb
Rootupa-kḷp (धातु)
FormKta (PPP), Puṁliṅga, Dvitīyā, Bahuvacana
tatnamely
tat:
Prastāvanā (प्रस्तावना)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormParticle in ‘tad yathā’
yathāas follows
yathā:
Prastāvanā (प्रस्तावना)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyathā (अव्यय)
FormQuotative/illustrative indeclinable
svarṇaprasthaḥSvarṇaprastha
svarṇaprasthaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Listed item)
TypeNoun
Rootsvarṇa-prastha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
candraśuklaḥCandraśukla
candraśuklaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Listed item)
TypeNoun
Rootcandra-śukla (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
āvartanaḥĀvartana
āvartanaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Listed item)
TypeNoun
Rootāvartana (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
ramaṇakaḥRamaṇaka
ramaṇakaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Listed item)
TypeNoun
Rootramaṇaka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
mandarahariṇaḥMandarahariṇa
mandarahariṇaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Listed item)
TypeNoun
Rootmandara-hariṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
pāñcajanyaḥPāñcajanya
pāñcajanyaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Listed item)
TypeNoun
Rootpāñcajanya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
siṁhalaḥSiṁhala
siṁhalaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Listed item)
TypeNoun
Rootsiṁhala (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
laṅkāLaṅkā
laṅkā:
Karta (कर्ता/Listed item)
TypeNoun
Rootlaṅkā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
itithus
iti:
Vākyānta-sūcaka (वाक्यान्तसूचक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
FormQuotative particle

In the Kūrma Purāṇa there is this statement about the desires of the demigods:

K
King Parīkṣit
K
King Sagara
S
Sons of Sagara (Sagarātmajas)

FAQs

In Canto 5, Chapter 19, Śukadeva states that some authorities describe eight upadvīpas of Jambūdvīpa—Svarṇaprastha, Candraśukla, Āvartana, Ramaṇaka, Mandarahariṇa, Pāñcajanya, Siṁhala, and Laṅkā—said to have been formed when Sagara’s sons dug around the land while searching for the sacrificial horse.

Because the narrative explanation for how these geographic divisions arose is linked to their famous horse-search episode; Śukadeva uses that historical-puranic event to account for the origin of Jambūdvīpa’s subsidiary islands.

It trains the mind to see the world as the Lord’s ordered creation (īśāvāsya-bhāva), encouraging humility, reverence, and remembrance of Bhagavān rather than viewing the earth only as an object for exploitation.