Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 27

Bhagīratha Brings Gaṅgā; Saudāsa’s Curse; Khaṭvāṅga’s Instant Renunciation

क्षुधार्तो जगृहे विप्रं तत्पत्‍न्याहाकृतार्थवत् । न भवान् राक्षस: साक्षादिक्ष्वाकूणां महारथ: ॥ २६ ॥ मदयन्त्या: पतिर्वीर नाधर्मं कर्तुमर्हसि । देहि मेऽपत्यकामाया अकृतार्थं पतिं द्विजम् ॥ २७ ॥

kṣudhārto jagṛhe vipraṁ tat-patny āhākṛtārthavat na bhavān rākṣasaḥ sākṣād ikṣvākūṇāṁ mahā-rathaḥ

Overcome by the Rākṣasa impulse and tormented by hunger, Saudāsa seized the brāhmaṇa. Then the brāhmaṇa’s poor wife pleaded: “O hero, you are not truly a man-eater; you are a great warrior of the Ikṣvāku line, the husband of Madayantī. You should not commit such adharma. I long for a son—therefore, please return my brāhmaṇa husband, who has not yet made me conceive.”

kṣudhā-ārtaḥafflicted by hunger
kṣudhā-ārtaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootkṣudhā (प्रातिपदिक) + ārta (√ar/ṛ धातु, क्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः ‘kṣudhāyā ārtaḥ’
jagṛhehe seized
jagṛhe:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√grah (ग्रह् धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
viprama brāhmaṇa
vipram:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootvipra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन
tat-patnīhis wife
tat-patnī:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + patnī (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः ‘tasya patnī’
āhasaid
āha:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√ah (अह् धातु/ब्रू-अर्थ)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
akṛtārthavatas though unfulfilled
akṛtārthavat:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roota-kṛta-artha-vat (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय (adverbial usage of -वत्)
nanot
na:
Nishedha (निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-निपात
bhavānyou (sir)
bhavān:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootbhavat (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; आदरार्थ-प्रयोग
rākṣasaḥa demon
rākṣasaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootrākṣasa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
sākṣātdirectly
sākṣāt:
Sambandha/Emphasis (निपातार्थ)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsākṣāt (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय
ikṣvākūṇāmof the Ikṣvākus
ikṣvākūṇām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootikṣvāku (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), बहुवचन
mahā-rathaḥgreat chariot-warrior
mahā-rathaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootmahā (प्रातिपदिक) + ratha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
madayantyāḥof Madayantī
madayantyāḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootmadayantī (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन
patiḥhusband
patiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootpati (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
vīraO hero
vīra:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootvīra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th), एकवचन
nanot
na:
Nishedha (निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-निपात
adharmamunrighteousness
adharmam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootadharma (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन
kartumto do
kartum:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
TypeVerb
Root√kṛ (कृ धातु)
Formतुमुन् (Infinitive)
arhasiyou ought
arhasi:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√arh (अर्ह् धातु)
Formलट्, मध्यमपुरुष (2nd), एकवचन
dehigive
dehi:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√dā (दा धातु)
Formलोट्, मध्यमपुरुष (2nd), एकवचन
meto me
me:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formचतुर्थी/षष्ठी (4th/6th), एकवचन
apatyakāmāyāḥof (me) desiring a child
apatyakāmāyāḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootapatya (प्रातिपदिक) + kāmā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन
akṛtārthamunfulfilled
akṛtārtham:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roota-kṛta-artha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; विशेषण
patimhusband
patim:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootpati (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन
dvijambrāhmaṇa
dvijam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootdvija (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन
K
King Ambarīṣa
T
the brāhmaṇa
T
the brāhmaṇa’s wife
I
Ikṣvāku dynasty

FAQs

This verse highlights that harming a brāhmaṇa is against dharma; the brāhmaṇa’s wife reminds the king of his noble Ikṣvāku duty, implying a righteous ruler protects brāhmaṇas rather than exploiting them.

She contrasts demoniac, violent behavior with the expected conduct of an Ikṣvāku kṣatriya, urging him to act according to his noble lineage and restrain himself.

Even under pressure (like hunger or stress), one should not harm the innocent; remember one’s values and responsibilities before acting.