Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 30

Yayāti, Devayānī, Śarmiṣṭhā, and the Exchange of Youth: The Unsatisfied Nature of Desire

नाहुषाय सुतां दत्त्वा सह शर्मिष्ठयोशना । तमाह राजञ्छर्मिष्ठामाधास्तल्पे न कर्हिचित् ॥ ३० ॥

nāhuṣāya sutāṁ dattvā saha śarmiṣṭhayośanā tam āha rājañ charmiṣṭhām ādhās talpe na karhicit

When Śukrācārya gave Devayānī in marriage to Yayāti, the son of Nahūṣa, he sent Śarmiṣṭhā with her, but he warned the king: “O King, never allow this girl Śarmiṣṭhā to lie with you in your bed.”

नाहुषायto Nahūṣa (Yayāti)
नाहुषाय:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootनाहुष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4), एकवचन
सुताम्daughter
सुताम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootसुतā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन
दत्त्वाhaving given
दत्त्वा:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootदा (धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त (absolutive/gerund)
सहtogether with
सह:
Sahārtha (सहार्थ)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह (अव्यय)
Formसहकार-अव्यय (with)
शर्मिष्ठयाwith Śarmiṣṭhā
शर्मिष्ठया:
Sahakāraka (सहकारक)
TypeNoun
Rootशर्मिष्ठा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3), एकवचन
उशनाUśanā (Śukra)
उशना:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootउशनस्/उशना (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन
तम्to him
तम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन
आहsaid
आह:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअह् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
राजन्O king
राजन्:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8), एकवचन
शर्मिष्ठाम्Śarmiṣṭhā
शर्मिष्ठाम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootशर्मिष्ठा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन
आधाःplace/put
आधाः:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootआ + धा (धातु)
Formलोट् (Imperative), परस्मैपद, मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन
तल्पेon the bed
तल्पे:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootतल्प (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7), एकवचन
not
:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-अव्यय (negation)
कर्हिचित्ever, at any time
कर्हिचित्:
Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकर्हिचित् (अव्यय)
Formकाल-अव्यय (at any time/ever)
U
Uśanā (Śukrācārya)
Ś
Śarmiṣṭhā
D
Devayānī
N
Nāhuṣa
Y
Yayāti

FAQs

This verse shows that Yayāti was explicitly instructed by Śukrācārya to never accept Śarmiṣṭhā as a sexual partner, emphasizing dharma, restraint, and honoring agreed boundaries in marriage.

Because Devayānī was given in marriage with Śarmiṣṭhā accompanying her only as an attendant; Śukrācārya set a clear condition to protect Devayānī’s rights and to ensure Yayāti followed dharma and the guru’s instruction.

Keep commitments, respect relationship boundaries, and treat ethical instructions from elders/mentors seriously—self-control and integrity prevent long-term suffering.