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Shloka 19

The Slaying of Śālva and the Destruction of Saubha

श्रीभगवानुवाच वृथा त्वं कत्थसे मन्द न पश्यस्यन्तिकेऽन्तकम् । पौरुषं दर्शयन्ति स्म शूरा न बहुभाषिण: ॥ १९ ॥

śrī-bhagavān uvāca vṛthā tvaṁ katthase manda na paśyasy antike ’ntakam paurusaṁ darśayanti sma śūrā na bahu-bhāṣiṇaḥ

The Supreme Lord said: “Foolish one, you boast in vain, for you do not see death standing near. True heroes do not speak much; by their deeds they reveal their valor.”

śrī-bhagavānthe Blessed Lord
śrī-bhagavān:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootśrī (प्रातिपदिक) + bhagavat (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; कर्मधारय: ‘the glorious Lord’
uvācasaid
uvāca:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (धातु)
FormLiṭ (Perfect/परोक्षभूत), 3rd person, Singular; Parasmaipada
vṛthāvainly
vṛthā:
Prakāra (प्रकार)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvṛthā (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
FormAdverb (रीत्या/व्यर्थता-वाचक-अव्यय)
tvamyou
tvam:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular
katthaseboast
katthase:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootkatth (धातु)
FormLaṭ (Present/वर्तमान), 2nd person, Singular; Ātmanepada
mandaO dullard
manda:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootmanda (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Singular
nanot
na:
Nishedha (निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNegation particle (निषेध-अव्यय)
paśyasiyou see
paśyasi:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootdṛś (धातु)
FormLaṭ (Present/वर्तमान), 2nd person, Singular; Parasmaipada
antikenearby
antike:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootantika (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular; used adverbially ‘nearby’
antakamDeath (Yama)/the end
antakam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootantaka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular
pauruṣammanliness/valor
pauruṣam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootpauruṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular
darśayantishow
darśayanti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootdṛś (धातु) + ṇic (णिच्) → darśay (धातु)
FormLaṭ (Present/वर्तमान), 3rd person, Plural; Parasmaipada; causative ‘make (it) seen/show’
smaindeed/used to
sma:
Kriyā-anubandha (क्रियानुबन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsma (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
FormParticle indicating past/continuative sense (स्म-अव्यय)
śūrāḥheroes
śūrāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootśūra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural
nanot
na:
Nishedha (निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNegation particle (निषेध-अव्यय)
bahu-bhāṣiṇaḥtalkative (ones)
bahu-bhāṣiṇaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootbahu (प्रातिपदिक) + bhāṣin (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural; कर्मधारय: ‘much-speaking’
K
Krishna

FAQs

This verse condemns empty boasting, reminding that death is near and that real greatness is proven through conduct, not excessive speech.

In the battle narrative of Canto 10, Krishna rebukes the opponent’s arrogance, warning that time and death are imminent and cannot be avoided by mere bravado.

Avoid self-promotion and hollow claims; focus on disciplined action, integrity, and humility, remembering life’s uncertainty.