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Shloka 20

Kṛṣṇa Arrives at Kuṇḍina and Abducts Rukmiṇī

Rukmiṇī-haraṇa Prelude

श्रुत्वैतद् भगवान् रामो विपक्षीयनृपोद्यमम् । कृष्णं चैकं गतं हर्तुं कन्यां कलहशङ्कित: ॥ २० ॥ बलेन महता सार्धं भ्रातृस्‍नेहपरिप्लुत: । त्वरित: कुण्डिनं प्रागाद् गजाश्वरथपत्तिभि: ॥ २१ ॥

śrutvaitad bhagavān rāmo vipakṣīya nṛpodyamam kṛṣṇaṁ caikaṁ gataṁ hartuṁ kanyāṁ kalaha-śaṅkitaḥ

Hearing of the hostile kings’ preparations, and learning that Kṛṣṇa had gone alone to carry off the bride, Lord Balarāma feared a clash. Overflowing with love for His brother, He hurried to Kuṇḍina with a mighty force of infantry and warriors on elephants, horses, and chariots.

śrutvāhaving heard
śrutvā:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootśru (श्रु, धातु)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा), ‘having heard’
etadthis
etad:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative, Singular; object of śrutvā
bhagavānthe Lord
bhagavān:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootbhagavat (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
rāmaḥRama (Balarama)
rāmaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootrāma (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular; apposition to bhagavān
vipakṣīyaof the hostile party
vipakṣīya:
Karma-anvaya (कर्म-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootvipakṣa (प्रातिपदिक) + īya (तद्धित)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Accusative, Singular; ‘belonging to the opposing side’ (विपक्ष-सम्बन्धी)
nṛpa-udyamamthe kings’ preparations
nṛpa-udyamam:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootnṛpa + udyama (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular; ‘the kings’ effort/preparation’
kṛṣṇamKrishna
kṛṣṇam:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootkṛṣṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चयबोधक)
ekamalone
ekam:
Karma-anvaya (कर्म-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rooteka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular; qualifies kṛṣṇam (‘alone’)
gatamgone
gatam:
Karma-anvaya (कर्म-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootgam (गम्, धातु) → gata (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
FormPast active participle (क्त), Masculine, Accusative, Singular; qualifies kṛṣṇam (‘gone’)
hartumto abduct
hartum:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन/Purpose)
TypeVerb
Roothṛ (हृ, धातु)
FormInfinitive (तुमुन्), ‘to carry off’
kanyāmthe maiden
kanyām:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootkanyā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
kalaha-śaṅkitaḥsuspecting/fearing a fight
kalaha-śaṅkitaḥ:
Karta-anvaya (कर्ता-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootkalaha + śaṅkita (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular; तत्पुरुषः—‘कलहं शङ्कितः’ (fearing conflict)
B
Balarāma
K
Kṛṣṇa
R
Rukmiṇī

FAQs

It describes that opposing kings were making preparations, and Balarāma feared conflict because Kṛṣṇa had gone alone to bring Rukmiṇī.

Because hostile kings were ready to resist, and Kṛṣṇa’s solitary mission to carry Rukmiṇī could trigger a battle.

Even when outcomes seem uncertain, act with dharma and faith—while also preparing responsibly, as Balarāma does by anticipating danger.