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Shloka 19

Kṛṣṇa Arrives at Kuṇḍina and Abducts Rukmiṇī

Rukmiṇī-haraṇa Prelude

कृष्णरामद्विषो यत्ता: कन्यां चैद्याय साधितुम् । यद्यागत्य हरेत् कृष्णो रामाद्यैर्यदुभिर्वृत: ॥ १८ ॥ योत्स्याम: संहतास्तेन इति निश्चितमानसा: । आजग्मुर्भूभुज: सर्वे समग्रबलवाहना: ॥ १९ ॥

kṛṣṇa-rāma-dviṣo yattāḥ kanyāṁ caidyāya sādhitum yady āgatya haret kṛṣno rāmādyair yadubhir vṛtaḥ

The kings who envied Kṛṣṇa and Balarāma resolved to secure the maiden for Śiśupāla. They agreed, “If Kṛṣṇa comes here with Balarāma and the Yadus and carries off the bride, we shall unite and fight Him.” Thus all those rulers arrived at the wedding with their armies complete and every kind of martial conveyance.

kṛṣṇa-rāma-dviṣaḥhaters of Krishna and Rama
kṛṣṇa-rāma-dviṣaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootkṛṣṇa + rāma + dviṣ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः—‘कृष्णं रामं च द्विषन्ति’ इति (those who hate Kṛṣṇa and Rāma)
yattāḥprepared, intent
yattāḥ:
Karta-anvaya (कर्ता-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootyat (यत्, धातु) → yatta (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
FormPast passive participle (कर्मणि भूतकृदन्त), Masculine, Nominative, Plural; ‘prepared/intent’
kanyāmthe maiden (princess)
kanyām:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootkanyā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
caidyāyafor Caidya (Śiśupāla)
caidyāya:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान/Recipient)
TypeNoun
Rootcaidya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Dative (4th/चतुर्थी), Singular; recipient/beneficiary
sādhitumto secure (her)
sādhitum:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन/Purpose)
TypeVerb
Rootsādh (साध्, धातु)
FormInfinitive (तुमुन्/तुम्), ‘to accomplish/secure’
yadiif
yadi:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyadi (अव्यय)
FormConditional particle (शर्तसूचक अव्यय)
āgatyahaving come
āgatya:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootā + gam (गम्, धातु)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा/ल्यप्), ‘having come’
haretmight abduct/carry off
haret:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Roothṛ (हृ, धातु)
FormOptative (विधिलिङ्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Parasmaipada; ‘might carry off’
kṛṣṇaḥKrishna
kṛṣṇaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootkṛṣṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
rāma-ādyaiḥwith Rama and others
rāma-ādyaiḥ:
Sahakāraka (सहकारक/Accompaniment-Instrumental)
TypeNoun
Rootrāma + ādi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural; ‘with Rama and others’ (ādi = etc.)
yadubhiḥwith the Yadus
yadubhiḥ:
Sahakāraka (सहकारक/Accompaniment)
TypeNoun
Rootyadu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
vṛtaḥsurrounded, accompanied
vṛtaḥ:
Karta-anvaya (कर्ता-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootvṛ (वृ, धातु) → vṛta (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
FormPast passive participle (कर्मणि भूतकृदन्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular; agrees with kṛṣṇaḥ
yotsyāmaḥwe shall fight
yotsyāmaḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootyudh (युध्, धातु)
FormFuture (लृट्), 1st person (उत्तमपुरुष), Plural; Ātmanepada form in usage; ‘we shall fight’
saṁhatāḥassembled, united
saṁhatāḥ:
Karta-anvaya (कर्ता-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsaṁ + han (हन्, धातु) → saṁhata (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
FormPast passive participle, Masculine, Nominative, Plural; ‘assembled/united’
tenawith him / against him
tena:
Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular; pronoun ‘by him/with him’
itithus
iti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Quotation marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
FormQuotative particle (इति-प्रयोग)
niścita-mānasāḥwith resolved minds
niścita-mānasāḥ:
Karta-anvaya (कर्ता-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootniścita + mānasa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural; कर्मधारयः—‘निश्चितं मानसं येषाम्’ (those whose minds are resolved)
ājagmuḥthey came
ājagmuḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootā + gam (गम्, धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd person, Plural, Parasmaipada; ‘they came’
bhū-bhujaḥkings
bhū-bhujaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootbhū + bhuj (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural; तत्पुरुषः—‘भूमिं भुङ्क्ते’ (earth-enjoyers = kings)
sarveall
sarve:
Karta-anvaya (कर्ता-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsarva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural; agrees with bhū-bhujaḥ
samagra-bala-vāhanāḥwith full armies and transports
samagra-bala-vāhanāḥ:
Karta-anvaya (कर्ता-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsamagra + bala + vāhana (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural; ‘having complete forces and vehicles’ (army & conveyances)

The word saṁhatāḥ, which normally means “bound tightly together,” may also mean “thoroughly struck down” or “killed.” Thus although Kṛṣṇa’s enemies thought they were unified and strong — saṁhatāḥ in the former sense — they could not successfully oppose the Personality of Godhead, and consequently they would be struck down and killed — saṁhatāḥ in the latter sense.

K
Kṛṣṇa
B
Balarāma (Rāma)
Ś
Śiśupāla (Caidya)
R
Rukmiṇī

FAQs

It describes them as enemies of Kṛṣṇa and Balarāma who actively tried to arrange Rukmiṇī’s marriage to Śiśupāla and prepared to resist Kṛṣṇa if He came to take her.

The anti-Kṛṣṇa faction among the rulers sought to secure the princess for Śiśupāla, aligning politically and opposing Kṛṣṇa’s influence.

Even when opposition organizes itself through power and planning, devotion relies on the Lord’s protection—so a seeker should stay steady and not be intimidated by worldly pressure.