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Shloka 10

The Killing of Cāṇūra, Muṣṭika, and Kaṁsa; Liberation and Restoration of Dharma in Mathurā

न सभां प्रविशेत् प्राज्ञ: सभ्यदोषाननुस्मरन् । अब्रुवन् विब्रुवन्नज्ञो नर: किल्बिषमश्न‍ुते ॥ १० ॥

na sabhāṁ praviśet prājñaḥ sabhya-doṣān anusmaran abruvan vibruvann ajño naraḥ kilbiṣam aśnute

A wise person should not enter an assembly when he knows its members are acting improperly. And if he enters and then does not speak the truth, speaks falsely, or feigns ignorance, he surely incurs sin.

not
:
Pratishedha (प्रतिषेध/Negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-निपात (negation particle)
सभाम्assembly hall
सभाम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootसभा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
प्रविशेत्should enter
प्रविशेत्:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-विश् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
प्राज्ञःa wise man
प्राज्ञः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootप्राज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
सभ्यदोषान्faults of the assembly-members
सभ्यदोषान्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootसभ्य-दोष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (सभ्यानां दोषाः)
अनुस्मरन्remembering
अनुस्मरन्:
Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण/Concomitant action)
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-स्मृ (धातु) + शतृ (कृत् प्रत्यय)
Formवर्तमान-कृदन्त (present active participle, शतृ), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; क्रियाविशेषण-भावे (entering while remembering)
अब्रुवन्not speaking
अब्रुवन्:
Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण/Concomitant action)
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू (धातु)
Formनञ्-समासाभावः; ‘अ’ उपसर्ग-निषेधार्थक + ब्रुवन् (शतृ); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘not speaking’
विब्रुवन्speaking perversely
विब्रुवन्:
Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण/Concomitant action)
TypeVerb
Rootवि-ब्रू (धातु) + शतृ (कृत् प्रत्यय)
Formवर्तमान-कृदन्त (present active participle, शतृ), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘speaking wrongly/contrarily’
अज्ञःan ignorant person
अज्ञः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootअज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
नरःman
नरः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootनर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; apposition to अज्ञः
किल्बिषम्sin
किल्बिषम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootकिल्बिष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
अश्नुतेincurs/partakes (of)
अश्नुते:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootअश् (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

FAQs

This verse teaches that entering an assembly requires discernment; an ignorant person risks sin either by remaining silent when speech is required or by speaking wrongly.

In the tense public setting surrounding Kaṁsa’s arena, Śukadeva highlights dharmic caution: social and political assemblies can be morally compromised, so one must act with wisdom and responsibility.

Before speaking, assess the setting and your competence; avoid impulsive or harmful speech, but also don’t stay silent when truth and duty require a clear, respectful response.