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Shloka 9

Govardhana-dhāraṇa: Kṛṣṇa Lifts Govardhana and Humbles Indra

विद्योतमाना विद्युद्भ‍ि: स्तनन्त: स्तनयित्नुभि: । तीव्रैर्मरुद्गणैर्नुन्ना ववृषुर्जलशर्करा: ॥ ९ ॥

vidyotamānā vidyudbhiḥ stanantaḥ stanayitnubhiḥ tīvrair marud-gaṇair nunnā vavṛṣur jala-śarkarāḥ

Driven on by the fearsome wind-gods, the clouds flashed with lightning, roared with thunder, and rained down hailstones like hard pellets of water.

विद्योतमानाḥflashing/shining
विद्योतमानाḥ:
कर्ता (Kartā/Subject—Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Root√द्योत् (धातु)
Formशतृ/शानच्-वर्तमानकृदन्त (present participle, आत्मनेपद-भावः); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; qualifying implied subject ‘मेघाः’
विद्युद्भिःwith lightning flashes
विद्युद्भिः:
सह/करण (Saha/Karaṇa)
TypeNoun
Rootविद्युत् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण/सह), बहुवचन
स्तनन्तःthundering
स्तनन्तः:
कर्ता (Kartā/Subject—Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Root√स्तन् (धातु)
Formशतृ-वर्तमानकृदन्त (present participle); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; qualifying implied ‘मेघाः’
स्तनयित्नुभिःwith thunderous ones (thunder-clouds)
स्तनयित्नुभिः:
करण (Karaṇa/Instrument/Accompaniment)
TypeNoun
Rootस्तनयित्नु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण), बहुवचन; ‘thunderers’/thunder-clouds
तीव्रैःwith fierce (winds)
तीव्रैः:
करण (Karaṇa/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootतीव्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; qualifying ‘मरुद्गणैः’
मरुद्गणैःwith groups of winds/Maruts
मरुद्गणैः:
करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootमरुत् + गण (प्रातिपदिके)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण), बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषः ‘मरुतां गणैः’
नुन्नाःdriven/impelled
नुन्नाः:
कर्ता (Kartā/Subject—Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Root√नुद् (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past participle); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; passive sense ‘driven/impelled’ qualifying implied ‘मेघाः’
ववृषुःthey rained down
ववृषुः:
क्रिया (Kriyā/Verb)
TypeVerb
Root√वृष् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथम-पुरुष, बहुवचन
जलशर्कराःhailstones
जलशर्कराः:
कर्ता (Kartā/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootजल + शर्करा (प्रातिपदिके)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता), बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषः ‘जलस्य शर्कराः’ = hailstones (water-pebbles)

Śrīla Śrīdhara Svāmī explains that the word marud-gaṇaiḥ indicates the seven great winds, such as Āvaha, who presides over the region of Bhuvarloka, and Pravaha, who holds the planets in their places.

I
Indra
M
Maruts

FAQs

This verse describes the terrifying intensity of Indra’s assault—lightning, thunder, violent winds, and hail—sent upon Vraja, setting the stage for Krishna’s divine protection.

In this chapter’s narrative, Indra becomes angered when the Vrajavāsīs, following Krishna’s instruction, prioritize Govardhana worship over Indra-yajña; he retaliates by unleashing a devastating storm.

When circumstances feel overwhelming like a storm, this episode encourages steadiness in devotion and trust that sincere spiritual shelter brings clarity and protection through adversity.