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Shloka 2

Govardhana-dhāraṇa: Kṛṣṇa Lifts Govardhana and Humbles Indra

गणं सांवर्तकं नाम मेघानां चान्तकारीणाम् । इन्द्र: प्रचोदयत् क्रुद्धो वाक्यं चाहेशमान्युत ॥ २ ॥

gaṇaṁ sāṁvartakaṁ nāma meghānāṁ cānta-kārīṇām indraḥ pracodayat kruddho vākyaṁ cāheśa-māny uta

Angry Indra unleashed the clouds of universal destruction known as Sāṁvartaka, and, imagining himself the supreme controller, spoke as follows.

gaṇama group
gaṇam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootgaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन
sāṁvartakamnamed Sāṁvartaka
sāṁvartakam:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsāṁvartaka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण (gaṇam)
nāmaby name
nāma:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootnāma (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (particle), नाम-निर्देशक
meghānāmof clouds
meghānām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootmegha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (सम्बन्ध), बहुवचन
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (conjunction)
anta-kārīṇāmdestructive (end-causing)
anta-kārīṇām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी; meghānām विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootanta (प्रातिपदिक) + kārin (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन; उपपद-तत्पुरुष (‘अन्तं करोति’ = causing destruction/end)
indraḥIndra
indraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootindra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता), एकवचन
pracodayatimpelled/urged
pracodayat:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpra√cud (धातु)
Formलङ् (अनद्यतनभूत/Imperfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
kruddhaḥangry
kruddhaḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Root√krudh (धातु) + -ta (कृत्)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (क्त) ‘angered’ (indraḥ विशेषण)
vākyama command/speech
vākyam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootvākya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (conjunction)
aheśa-māni(in pride) thinking himself the supreme lord
aheśa-māni:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootaheśa (प्रातिपदिक) + mānin (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (‘अहेशं मन्यते’/‘अहेशः इति मानः’), ‘thinking (himself) as the supreme lord’ (vākyam विशेषण/भाव)
utaindeed/also
uta:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootuta (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (particle), विकल्प/समुच्चयार्थ

The word īśa-mānī here is very significant. Indra arrogantly considered himself to be the Lord, and thus he exhibited the typical attitude of a conditioned soul. Many thinkers in the twentieth century have noted the exaggerated sense of individual prestige characteristic of our culture; indeed, writers have even coined the phrase “the me generation.” Everyone in this world is more or less guilty of the syndrome called īśa-māna, or proudly considering oneself the Lord.

I
Indra
S
Sāṁvartaka (clouds)

FAQs

This verse shows Indra becoming furious and, out of pride, ordering the destructive Sāṁvartaka clouds to punish Vraja.

Because the Vrajavāsīs redirected their worship to Govardhana as instructed by Kṛṣṇa, Indra felt dishonored and retaliated by unleashing ruinous rains.

It cautions that wounded ego can drive disproportionate harm; cultivating humility and restraint prevents destructive reactions.