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Shloka 19

Govardhana-dhāraṇa: Kṛṣṇa Lifts Govardhana and Humbles Indra

इत्युक्त्वैकेन हस्तेन कृत्वा गोवर्धनाचलम् । दधार लीलया विष्णुश्छत्राकमिव बालक: ॥ १९ ॥

ity uktvaikena hastena kṛtvā govardhanācalam dadhāra līlayā viṣṇuś chatrākam iva bālakaḥ

Having said this, Lord Kṛṣṇa—Viṣṇu Himself—lifted Govardhana Hill with one hand and held it aloft in divine play, as easily as a child holds up a mushroom like an umbrella.

इतिthus
इति:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय—उक्त्यन्त-निपात (quotative)
उक्त्वाhaving said
उक्त्वा:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु) → उक्त्वा (कृदन्त)
Formक्त्वान्त-अव्यय (absolutive/gerund); पूर्वकालिक क्रिया (having said)
एकेनwith one
एकेन:
Karana (करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootएक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3), एकवचन; संख्याविशेषण
हस्तेनwith (his) hand
हस्तेन:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootहस्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3), एकवचन
कृत्वाhaving made
कृत्वा:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु) → कृत्वा (कृदन्त)
Formक्त्वान्त-अव्यय (absolutive); ‘कृत्वा’ = having made/done
गोवर्धन-अचलम्Govardhana mountain
गोवर्धन-अचलम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootगोवर्धन (प्रातिपदिक) + अचल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन; कर्मधारयः—‘गोवर्धनः अचलः’ (the Govardhana mountain)
दधारheld, bore
दधार:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootधृ (धातु)
Formलिट् (परोक्ष/परिपूर्ण-भूत), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
लीलयाplayfully, as a sport
लीलया:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootलीला (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3), एकवचन; करण/रीतिवाचक (as playfully)
विष्णुःVishnu (Krishna)
विष्णुः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootविष्णु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन
छत्राकम्an umbrella
छत्राकम्:
Upamana (उपमान)
TypeNoun
Rootछत्रक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन; ‘छत्रवत् वस्तु’ (umbrella)
इवlike
इव:
Upama-sambandha (उपमा-सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (अव्यय)
Formउपमावाचक अव्यय (like/as)
बालकःa child
बालकः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootबालक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन

It is confirmed in the Hari-vaṁśa that Śrī Kṛṣṇa picked up the Govardhana Mountain with His left hand: sa dhṛtaḥ saṅgato meghair giriḥ savyena pāṇinā. “With His left hand He picked up that mountain, which was touching the clouds.” According to Śrīla Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura, when Lord Kṛṣṇa was preparing to lift Govardhana Hill, a partial expansion of His Yoga-māyā potency named Saṁhārikī temporarily removed all the rain from the sky so that as He ran very swiftly from the porch of His house to the mountain, neither His turban nor other garments became wet.

Ś
Śrī Kṛṣṇa (Viṣṇu)
G
Govardhana

FAQs

This verse states that after speaking, Śrī Kṛṣṇa (addressed as Viṣṇu) lifted Govardhana with one hand and held it effortlessly as a playful pastime, like a child holding an umbrella.

In the narrative context of this chapter, Kṛṣṇa provides shelter to the Vraja residents from Indra’s storm, demonstrating that devotion and taking refuge in Him is superior to fear of worldly powers.

When facing overwhelming situations, this verse inspires steadiness and surrender—seek higher shelter through prayer, devotion, and righteous action, trusting that divine support can make the impossible become easy.