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Shloka 20

Garuḍa, Saubhari’s Curse, Kāliya’s Refuge, and Kṛṣṇa Saves Vraja from Forest Fire

तां रात्रिं तत्र राजेन्द्र क्षुत्तृड्भ्यां श्रमकर्षिता: । ऊषुर्व्रयौकसो गाव: कालिन्द्या उपकूलत: ॥ २० ॥

tāṁ rātriṁ tatra rājendra kṣut-tṛḍbhyāṁ śrama-karṣitāḥ ūṣur vrayaukaso gāvaḥ kālindyā upakūlataḥ

O best of kings, weakened by hunger, thirst, and fatigue, the people of Vraja and the cows spent that night right there, lying near the bank of the Kālindī (Yamunā).

ताम्that (night)
ताम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः (कर्म), एकवचनम्; सर्वनाम-रूपम् (f. acc. sg.)
रात्रिम्night
रात्रिम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootरात्रि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम् (f. acc. sg.)
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र (अव्यय)
Formअव्ययम्; देशवाचक-अव्ययम् (locative adverb: “there”)
राजेन्द्रO king of kings
राजेन्द्र:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootराजेन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक: राजन् + इन्द्र)
Formपुंलिङ्गे, सम्बोधन-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम् (m. voc. sg.); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः “राज्ञाम् इन्द्रः”
क्षुत्-तृड्भ्याम्by hunger and thirst
क्षुत्-तृड्भ्याम्:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootक्षुत् (प्रातिपदिक) + तृष्/तृड् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्गे, तृतीया-विभक्तिः, द्विवचनम् (instr. dual); इतरेतर-द्वन्द्वः (hunger and thirst)
श्रम-कर्षिताःwearied by fatigue
श्रम-कर्षिताः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रम (प्रातिपदिक) + कर्षित (कृदन्त; √कृष् (धातु) + क्त)
Formपुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, बहुवचनम्; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त-विशेषणम् (past passive participle); तत्पुरुषः “श्रमेन कर्षिताः”
ऊषुःthey stayed
ऊषुः:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√वस् (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकारः (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुषः, बहुवचनम्; परस्मैपदम् (they stayed/dwelt)
व्रयौकसःthe residents of Vraja
व्रयौकसः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootव्रज (प्रातिपदिक) + ओकस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, बहुवचनम् (m. nom. pl.); तत्पुरुषः “व्रजे ओकः यस्य”/“व्रज-निवासिनः” (inhabitants of Vraja)
गावःcows
गावः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootगो (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, बहुवचनम् (f. nom. pl.)
कालिन्द्याःof the Kālin̄dī (Yamunā)
कालिन्द्याः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootकालिन्दी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्गे, षष्ठी-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम् (f. gen. sg.)
उपकूलतःon the riverbank
उपकूलतः:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउपकूलतः (अव्यय)
Formअव्ययम्; तसिल्-प्रत्ययान्तम् (ablatival adverb: “from/at the bank, on the riverside”)

Śrīla Jīva Gosvāmī points out that although the people were weak from hunger and thirst, they did not drink the milk from the cows present there because they feared it had been contaminated by the serpent’s poison. The residents of Vṛndāvana were so overjoyed to get back their beloved Kṛṣṇa that they did not want to go back to their houses. They wanted to stay with Kṛṣṇa on the bank of the Yamunā so that they could continuously see Him. Thus they decided to take rest near the riverbank.

K
King Parīkṣit
V
Vraja-vāsīs
C
Cows
K
Kālindī (Yamunā)

FAQs

It says the Vraja residents and their cows spent the night there on the Yamunā’s bank, exhausted by hunger, thirst, and fatigue while the Kāliya episode was unfolding.

Śukadeva is narrating to King Parīkṣit and respectfully addresses him as the best of kings while describing the Vraja residents’ condition during Kṛṣṇa’s pastimes.

It highlights human limitation—hunger, thirst, and exhaustion—and encourages humility and reliance on the Lord during anxious, draining situations.