Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 10

Garuḍa, Saubhari’s Curse, Kāliya’s Refuge, and Kṛṣṇa Saves Vraja from Forest Fire

मीनान्सुदु:खितान्‍द‍ृष्ट्वा दीनान्मीनपतौ हते । कृपया सौभरि: प्राह तत्रत्यक्षेममाचरन् ॥ १० ॥

mīnān su-duḥkhitān dṛṣṭvā dīnān mīna-patau hate kṛpayā saubhariḥ prāha tatratya-kṣemam ācaran

Seeing the wretched fish of that lake plunged into misery at the death of their leader, Saubhari, thinking he was acting mercifully for the welfare of the lake’s residents, uttered the following curse.

mīnānfish
mīnān:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootmīna (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन)
su-duḥkhitānvery distressed
su-duḥkhitān:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootsu + duḥkhita (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन); adjective qualifying mīnān
dṛṣṭvāhaving seen
dṛṣṭvā:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootdṛś (धातु)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त/ल्यबन्त), indeclinable; ‘having seen’
dīnānwretched, pitiable
dīnān:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootdīna (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन); adjective qualifying mīnān
mīna-patauin the fish-lord (being)
mīna-patau:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootmīna + pati (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन); ‘in/when the lord of fish’
hate(when) slain
hate:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeVerb
Roothan (धातु) → hata (कृदन्त)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग); agreeing with mīna-patau: ‘when slain’
kṛpayāout of compassion
kṛpayā:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootkṛpā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन); adverbial sense
saubhariḥSaubhari (sage)
saubhariḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsaubhari (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
prāhasaid
prāha:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpra-āh (धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); parasmaipada
tatratya-kṣemamthe welfare/safety of that place
tatratya-kṣemam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottatratya + kṣema (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter usage; Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); object of ācaran
ācaranundertaking, performing
ācaran:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootā-car (धातु)
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग); agreeing with saubhariḥ: ‘doing/undertaking’

In this regard Śrīla Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura explains that when our so-called compassion does not tally with the order of the Supreme Lord, it merely causes a disturbance. Because Saubhari had forbidden Garuḍa’s coming to that lake, Kāliya moved in and made his headquarters there, and this spelled doom for all the lake’s residents.

S
Saubhari Muni
T
the fish (mīnāḥ)
L
leader of the fish (mīna-pati)

FAQs

This verse shows Saubhari Muni becoming compassionate on seeing the fish suffer, illustrating dayā as a natural dharmic impulse to protect the distressed.

Because he saw them helpless and grieving; out of compassion he addressed them and acted to ensure their protection and welfare.

Respond to suffering with responsible compassion—helping the vulnerable—while also staying alert to how emotional involvement can grow into attachment and cloud judgment.