Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 13

Satī Desires to Attend Dakṣa’s Sacrifice; Śiva Warns Against the Pain of Relatives’ Insults

कथं सुताया: पितृगेहकौतुकं निशम्य देह: सुरवर्य नेङ्गते । अनाहुता अप्यभियन्ति सौहृदं भर्तुर्गुरोर्देहकृतश्च केतनम् ॥ १३ ॥

kathaṁ sutāyāḥ pitṛ-geha-kautukaṁ niśamya dehaḥ sura-varya neṅgate anāhutā apy abhiyanti sauhṛdaṁ bhartur guror deha-kṛtaś ca ketanam

O best of the gods, how can a daughter’s body and heart remain unmoved when she hears of a festive celebration in her father’s home? Even if uninvited, there is no fault in going without invitation to the house of one’s friend, husband, spiritual master, or father.

kathamhow?
katham:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/प्रश्न-प्रकार)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkatham (अव्यय)
FormInterrogative adverb (प्रश्नाव्यय)
sutāyāḥof (his) daughter
sutāyāḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootsutā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)
pitṛ-geha-kautukamthe (daughter’s) interest in her father’s house
pitṛ-geha-kautukam:
Karma (कर्म/द्वितीया)
TypeNoun
Rootpitṛ (प्रातिपदिक) + geha (प्रातिपदिक) + kautuka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: pitṛ-geha = 'father's house', then तत्पुरुष: pitṛ-geha-kautuka = 'curiosity/interest regarding father's house'
niśamyahaving heard
niśamya:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/पूर्वक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootni-śam (धातु)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त/ल्यप्), 'having heard/learning'
dehaḥthe body (person)
dehaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/प्रथमा)
TypeNoun
Rootdeha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular
sura-varyaO best of the gods
sura-varya:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootsura (प्रातिपदिक) + varya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Singular; कर्मधारय: 'best among the gods'
nanot
na:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormNegation particle (निषेधाव्यय)
iṅgatemoves/stirs
iṅgate:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootiṅg (धातु)
FormPresent tense (लट्), Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)
anāhutāḥuninvited (people)
anāhutāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/प्रथमा)
TypeAdjective
Rootan-āhūta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); past passive participle used adjectivally: 'not invited'
apieven/though
api:
Sambandha (निपातार्थ)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
FormParticle (निपात), concessive 'even/though'
abhiyantithey come/approach
abhiyanti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootabhi-i (धातु)
FormPresent tense (लट्), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person, Plural
sauhṛdamaffection/friendliness
sauhṛdam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootsauhṛda (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd), Singular
bhartuḥof the husband
bhartuḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootbhartṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive (6th), Singular
guroḥof the teacher/elder
guroḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootguru (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive (6th), Singular
deha-kṛtaḥof what is bodily-made
deha-kṛtaḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeAdjective
Rootdeha (प्रातिपदिक) + kṛta (कृ धातु, क्त)
FormMasculine, Genitive (6th), Singular; तत्पुरुष: 'made by the body' (i.e., bodily/physical)
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)
ketanamabode/house
ketanam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootketana (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd), Singular
S
Sati
L
Lord Shiva
D
Daksha

FAQs

In this verse Sati explains that natural affection draws a person toward the parental home, and also toward the husband’s home and one’s elders—so she felt compelled to go despite the lack of invitation.

Sati addresses Lord Shiva, revered as the foremost among the devas and the greatest of ascetics, questioning how he could remain unmoved hearing of her father’s festivities.

It acknowledges the power of family attachment and social bonds, while prompting discernment—strong feelings can pull us toward situations that may not be spiritually or ethically favorable.