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Shloka 29

Dhruva-vaṁśa Continuation: Utkala’s Renunciation, Aṅga’s Sacrifice, and the Birth of Vena

Prelude to Pṛthu

मैत्रेय उवाच अङ्गो द्विजवच: श्रुत्वा यजमान: सुदुर्मना: । तत्प्रष्टुं व्यसृजद्वाचं सदस्यांस्तदनुज्ञया ॥ २९ ॥

maitreya uvāca aṅgo dvija-vacaḥ śrutvā yajamānaḥ sudurmanāḥ tat praṣṭuṁ vyasṛjad vācaṁ sadasyāṁs tad-anujñayā

Maitreya said: King Aṅga, the sponsor of the sacrifice, upon hearing the priests’ words, became greatly distressed. Then, with their permission, he broke his silence and questioned all the priests assembled in the sacrificial arena.

maitreyaḥMaitreya
maitreyaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/speaker)
TypeNoun
Rootmaitreya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/nominative), एकवचन
uvācasaid
uvāca:
Kriyā (क्रिया/verb)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद; √वच् (to speak)
aṅgaḥKing Aṅga
aṅgaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootaṅga (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/nominative), एकवचन
dvija-vacaḥthe brāhmaṇa’s words
dvija-vacaḥ:
Karma (कर्म/object)
TypeNoun
Rootdvija (प्रातिपदिक) + vacas (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/accusative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (द्विजस्य वचः = word of the brāhmaṇa)
śrutvāhaving heard
śrutvā:
Kriyā (क्रिया/पूर्वकर्म)
TypeVerb
Rootśru (धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययभाव (gerund/absolutive); √श्रु (to hear)
yajamānaḥthe sacrificer
yajamānaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/apposition to aṅgaḥ)
TypeNoun
Rootyajamāna (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/nominative), एकवचन; यज्ञकर्ता (sacrificer)
sudurmanāḥvery downcast
sudurmanāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject-qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootsu (अव्यय) + durmanas (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/nominative), एकवचन; उपसर्गपूर्वक विशेषण; कर्मधारय-समास (सु + दुर्मनाः = very dejected)
tatthat (matter)
tat:
Karma (कर्म/object)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/accusative), एकवचन; (तत् = that matter)
praṣṭumto ask
praṣṭum:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन/purpose)
TypeVerb
Rootprach (धातु)
Formतुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त (infinitive); √प्रच्छ् (to ask)
vyasṛjathe uttered/sent forth
vyasṛjat:
Kriyā (क्रिया/verb)
TypeVerb
Rootsṛj (धातु)
Formलङ् (Imperfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद; वि-उपसर्ग; √सृज् (to send/utter)
vācamspeech/words
vācam:
Karma (कर्म/object)
TypeNoun
Rootvāc (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/accusative), एकवचन
sadasyānto the assembly members
sadasyān:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान/to whom addressed)
TypeNoun
Rootsadasya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/accusative), बहुवचन
tad-anujñayāwith his permission
tad-anujñayā:
Karaṇa (करण/instrument)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक) + anujñā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/instrumental), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (तस्य अनुज्ञया = with his permission)
M
Maitreya
K
King Aṅga
B
Brāhmaṇas (Dwijas)
S
Sadasyas (assembly priests)

FAQs

This verse shows that the yajamāna (sacrificer) should respectfully hear the brāhmaṇas’ counsel and act only with their approval, recognizing their dharmic authority in Vedic rites.

Because their statements indicated a serious concern within the sacrificial context, and as a conscientious ruler and yajamāna, Aṅga felt troubled and sought clarification from the priestly assembly.

When facing moral or spiritual confusion, seek guidance from qualified, principled teachers and ask questions with humility and proper respect, rather than acting impulsively.