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Shloka 25

Bali Mahārāja’s Surrender, Prahlāda’s Praise, and the Lord’s Mercy

Sutala and Future Indrahood

यदा कदाचिज्जीवात्मा संसरन् निजकर्मभि: । नानायोनिष्वनीशोऽयं पौरुषीं गतिमाव्रजेत् ॥ २५ ॥

yadā kadācij jīvātmā saṁsaran nija-karmabhiḥ nānā-yoniṣv anīśo ’yaṁ pauruṣīṁ gatim āvrajet

The living soul, driven by his own karma, wanders again and again through the cycle of birth and death in many species, helpless and dependent; only sometimes, by good fortune, does he attain a human birth. This human life is exceedingly rare.

यदाwhen
यदा:
Kala-adhikarana (काल-अधिकरण/Time)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (temporal adverb: ‘when’)
कदाचित्at some time
कदाचित्:
Kala-adhikarana (काल-अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकदाचित् (अव्यय)
Formअनिश्चित-कालवाचक-अव्यय (sometimes/at some time)
जीव-आत्माthe living self (jīva)
जीव-आत्मा:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootजीव + आत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मधारय (जीवः आत्मा)
संसरन्wandering in saṁsāra
संसरन्:
Karta (कर्ता; participial qualifier of ‘jīvātmā’)
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-सर् (धातु)
Formवर्तमान-कृदन्त (present active participle/शतृ), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
निज-कर्मभिःby his own actions
निज-कर्मभिः:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootनिज + कर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; कर्मधारय (निजानि कर्माणि)
नाना-योनिṣuin various wombs/species
नाना-योनिṣu:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootनाना (अव्यय) + योनि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), बहुवचन; अव्ययीभाव (नाना + योनि)
अनीशःhelpless, not independent
अनीशः:
Visheshana (विशेषण of ‘jīvātmā’)
TypeAdjective
Rootअनीश (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण
अयम्this (one)
अयम्:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject; apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सर्वनाम
पौरुषीम्human
पौरुषीम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootपौरुषी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण (of ‘gatim’)
गतिम्state/destination
गतिम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootगति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
आव्रजेत्might attain/come to
आव्रजेत्:
Kriya (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootआ-√व्रज् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

The Supreme Personality of Godhead is fully independent. Thus it is not always a fact that a living being’s loss of all opulence is a sign of the Supreme Lord’s mercy upon him. The Lord can act any way He likes. He may take away one’s opulence, or He may not. There are varieties of forms of life, and the Lord treats them according to the circumstances, as He chooses. Generally it is to be understood that the human form of life is one of great responsibility.

FAQs

This verse says the jīva wanders through saṁsāra due to his own karma, helplessly taking many kinds of births, until he attains the human condition.

Because the conditioned soul is driven by the momentum of his past actions and the laws of material nature, not acting with full spiritual independence while bound in saṁsāra.

Treat human life as a rare opportunity to rise above karmic wandering—choose dharma, cultivate devotion, and pursue liberation rather than repeating the cycle of births.