
Rishi: Atharvanic tradition (not specified in excerpt)
Devata: Apāmārga
Chandas: Mixed/irregular prose-anuṣṭubh style (opening label + anuṣṭubh-like cadence; exact metrical scan uncertain from excerpt)
Mantra 1
अपामार्गः। उतो अस्यबन्धुकृदुतो असि नु जामिकृत्। उतो कृत्याकृतः प्रजां नडमिवा छिन्धि वार्षिकम्
Apāmārga—moreover thou mak’st a friend; moreover, now, thou mak’st a kinsman. Moreover, as worker against the Kṛtyā, cut off the folk’s year-haunting ill, as one would cut a reed.
Mantra 2
ब्राह्मणेन पर्युक्तासि कण्वेन नार्षदेन । सेनेवैषि त्विषीमती न तत्र भयमस्ति यत्र प्राप्नोष्योषधे
By holy spell thou art encompassed—by Kaṇva, by Nārṣada. Like an army thou advancest, full of flashing might: no fear is there where thou attainest, O Herb.
Mantra 3
अग्रमेष्योषधीनां ज्योतिषेवाभिदीपयन्। उत त्रातासि पाकस्याथो हन्तासि रक्षसः
Foremost thou goest of herbs, as with a light thou shinest forth against (the foe). And thou art guardian of the household’s food; moreover thou art the slayer of the Rākṣasas.
Mantra 4
यददो देवा असुरांस्त्वयाग्रे निरकुर्वत । ततस्त्वमध्योषधेऽपामार्गो अजायथाः
When yonder, in the beginning, the Gods by thee thrust forth the Asuras, thence wast thou born, O Herb, as Apāmārga.
Mantra 5
विभिन्दती शतशाखा विभिन्दन् नाम ते पिता। प्रत्यग् वि भिन्धि त्वं तं यो अस्माँ अभिदासति
Splitting-asunder, hundred-branched—‘Splitter’ was the name thy father gave thee. Turn back and split in twain that man who bears us malice and assails us.
Mantra 6
असद् भूम्याः समभवत् तद् यामेति महद् व्यचः । तद् वै ततो विधूपायत् प्रत्यक् कर्तारमृच्छतु
From the earth the Unbeing came together into being; it goes its course, great and wide-spreading. Then indeed it smoked forth; let it reach back upon the doer (of the harm).
Mantra 7
प्रत्यङ् हि संबभूविथ प्रतीचीनफलस्त्वम्। सर्वान् मच्छपथाँ अधि वरीयो यावया वधम्
For thou hast become turned back, with backward-bearing fruit. Over all the curses aimed at me be thou the stronger; drive thou away the deadly harm.
Mantra 8
शतेन मा परि पाहि सहस्रेणाभि रक्ष मा । इन्द्रस्ते वीरुधां पत उग्र ओज्मानमा दधत्
With a hundredfold guard encompass me; with a thousandfold defend me from assault. Indra, the fierce, hath for thee—O lord of plants—set in place the might of strength.
In AV 4.19 Apāmārga is a medicinal herb addressed as a personified power. The hymn treats the plant as an active protector that can ‘cut off’ disease and repel hostile forces.
It refers to an illness or trouble that keeps returning with the seasons or year after year. The mantra asks Apāmārga to sever that repeating pattern from the household line.
The verses describe Apāmārga as a ‘splitter’ that turns attacks back (pratyag) and breaks the hostile working. Practically, the recitation is paired with holding/placing Apāmārga and performing a symbolic cutting or reversal gesture to enact the counter-force.