Mantra 1

Sukta 51

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

अभि प्र वः सुराधसमिन्द्रमर्च यथा विदे। यो जरितृभ्यो मघवा पुरूवसुः सहस्रेणेव शिक्षति

IAST Transliteration

abhí prá vaḥ surā́dhasam índram arca yáthā vidé | yó jaritṛ́bhyo maghávā purūvásuḥ sahásreṇeva śíkṣati

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Sing forth unto Indra, bounteous in fair gifts, even so that the wise may know him: he, Maghavan, rich in many treasures, to the praisers grants reward as though with a thousandfold bestowal.

Word by Word

• अभि: towards, upon
• अभि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अभि (उपसर्ग) / अभि

• प्र: forth, forward
• प्र: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्र (उपसर्ग) / प्र

• वः: for you (to you), of you
• वः: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्

• सुराधसम्: of good bounty, very generous
• सुराधसम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु-राधस् (प्रातिपदिक: सुराधस्)

• इन्द्रम्: Indra
• इन्द्रम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• अर्च: praise!, sing!
• अर्च: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: अर्च्

• यथा: so that, as
• यथा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा

• विदे: he knows, he finds (it)
• विदे: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: विद् (वेद/विद् ‘जानाति’)

• यः: who
• यः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्

• जरितृभ्यः: to the singers/praisers
• जरितृभ्यः: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: जरितृ (प्रातिपदिक; √जृ/जर् ‘स्तुति/कीर्तन’ से ‘स्तुतिकर्तृ’)

• मघवा: the bountiful one (Indra)
• मघवा: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: मघवन् (प्रातिपदिक; इन्द्र-विशेषण)

• पुरूवसुः: having many riches
• पुरूवसुः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पुरु-वसु (प्रातिपदिक; बहुव्रीहि/कर्मधारय)

• सहस्रेण: with a thousand
• सहस्रेण: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: सहस्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• इव: as if, like
• इव: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

• शिक्षति: he gives, bestows; he teaches/trains (here: bestows)
• शिक्षति: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: शिक्ष्

Attribution

Rishi: Ṛgvedic provenance (Indra-stuti); in AV 20 the seer-attribution follows the source hymn tradition rather than native AV authorship.

Devata: Indra (Maghavan, Vṛtrahan by implication)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (Ṛgvedic-style; AV 20 predominantly preserves RV meters)

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"adbhuta","secondary_rasa":"shringara","emotional_arc":"Eager praise → recognition of generosity → delight in overflowing reward.","listener_experience":"Hopeful uplift; sense of being worthy to receive; joy in abundance.","intensity":5}