Mantra 7

Sukta 50

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

उषसे नः परि देहि सर्वान् रात्र्यनागसः । उषा नो अह्ने आ भजादहस्तुभ्यं विभावरि

IAST Transliteration

uṣáse naḥ pári dehi sárvān rā́try anā́gasaḥ | uṣā́ no áhne ā́ bhajā́d ádahaḥ túbhyaṃ vibhā́vari

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

O Dawn, encompass and bestow on us—on all of us—sinlessness against the Night. Let Dawn apportion us unto the Day; this day is for thee, O far-radiant One.

Word by Word

• उषसे: to Dawn (goddess)
• उषसे: सम्प्रदान
• Type: Noun
• Root: उषस् (प्रातिपदिक) अथवा उषा- (प्रातिपदिक)

• नः: of us / our
• नः: सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• परि: around; completely
• परि: क्रियाविशेषण (उपसर्गार्थ)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: परि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• देहि: give (grant)
• देहि: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा (दाने)

• सर्वान्: all (of them)
• सर्वान्: कर्म
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)

• रात्र्यनागसः: all (who are) sinless through the night / free from night-sin
• रात्र्यनागसः: कर्म (विशेषणरूपेण)
• Type: Compound (Noun + Adjective)
• Root: रात्रि (प्रातिपदिक) + अनागस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• उषा: Dawn
• उषा: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: उषा (प्रातिपदिक)

• नः: of us / our
• नः: सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अह्ने: for the day
• अह्ने: सम्प्रदान
• Type: Noun
• Root: अहन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• आ: towards; unto
• आ: क्रियाविशेषण (उपसर्गार्थ)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• भजाद्: may (she) allot / grant / bring
• भजाद्: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: भज् (सेवायाम्/विभागे)

• अहः: day (daylight)
• अहः: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: अहन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• तुभ्यम्: to you
• तुभ्यम्: सम्प्रदान
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• विभावरि: O radiant one (dispeller of darkness)
• विभावरि: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun/Adjective (epithet)
• Root: विभावरि (प्रातिपदिक; उषसः विशेषणम्)

Attribution

Rishi: Traditionally Atharvanic/anonymous in late book collections; requires anukramaṇī confirmation for AVŚ 19.50

Devata: Uṣas (Dawn), with implicit opposition to Rātri (Night)

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (probable; to be confirmed by metrical count in pada text)

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"shanta","secondary_rasa":"adbhuta","emotional_arc":"From vulnerability of night to calm assurance and gentle wonder at returning light.","listener_experience":"Safety, freshness, readiness to begin; sense of protected enclosure.","intensity":3}