Mantra 2
Sukta 48
Sanskrit (Devanagari)
रात्रि मातरुषसे नः परि देहि । उषा नो अह्ने परि ददात्वहस्तुभ्यं विभावरि
IAST Transliteration
rā́tri mā́tar uṣáse naḥ pári dehi | uṣā́ no áhne pári dadātv áhastubhyaṃ vibhāvari
English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)
O Night, mother, set thy guard about us—(thou) of Dawn. Let Dawn for the day set her guard about us, O radiant one, handing us onward.
Word by Word
रात्रिO Night
रात्रि:
सम्बोधन (addressed deity)
TypeNoun
Rootरात्रि- (प्रातिपदिक)
मातर्O mother
मातर्:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun
Rootमातृ- (प्रातिपदिक)
उषसेO Dawn
उषसे:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun
Rootउषस्- (प्रातिपदिक)
नःfor us / our
नः:
सम्प्रदान (beneficiary) / सम्बन्ध
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्- (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
परिaround; completely
परि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपरि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
देहिgive (grant)
देहि:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootदा (दाने) धातु
उषाDawn
उषा:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootउषस्- (प्रातिपदिक)
नःto us
नः:
सम्प्रदान
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्- (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अह्नेfor the day
अह्ने:
सम्प्रदान (recipient) / प्रयोजन
TypeNoun
Rootअहन्- (प्रातिपदिक)
परिfully; all around
परि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपरि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
ददातुlet (her) give / may (she) grant
ददातु:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootदा (दाने) धातु
अहःdaylight; the day
अहः:
कर्म (what is granted) / परिणाम
TypeNoun
Rootअहस्/अहन्- (प्रातिपदिक)
तुभ्यम्to you
तुभ्यम्:
सम्प्रदान
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्- (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
विभावरिO radiant one (dispeller of darkness)
विभावरि:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun (epithet)
Rootविभावरि- (प्रातिपदिक; उषसः विशेषण/नाम)
Attribution
Rishi: Atharvanic tradition (Rātri/Uṣas protective complex)
Devata: Rātri and Uṣas (paired guardians)
Chandas: Irregular/functional (semi-prose cadence typical of AV 19 appendical hymns)
Mantra Rasa
{"primary_rasa":"shanta","secondary_rasa":"adbhuta","emotional_arc":"Maternal night-shelter → luminous dawn handover → confident entry into day.","listener_experience":"A gentle wonder at the cosmos as caretaker; calm readiness to begin the day.","intensity":4}