Mantra 57
Sukta 8
Sanskrit (Devanagari)
तस्मादमुं निर्भजामोऽमुमामुष्यायणममुष्याः पुत्रमसौ यः
IAST Transliteration
tásmād amúṃ nírbhajāmo ’múm āmuṣyāyaṇám ámuṣyāḥ putrám asáu yáḥ
English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)
Therefore that man we expel—him, the son of such an one, that yonder person who…
Word by Word
तस्मात्therefore; from that
तस्मात्:
अपादान (source/cause: ‘from that/therefore’)
TypeIndeclinable (pronominal form used adverbially) / Pronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अमुम्that man (yonder), him
अमुम्:
कर्म (object of the verb)
TypePronoun
Rootअदस् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → अमु-
निर्भजामःwe drive away / we separate out
निर्भजामः:
क्रिया (मुख्य क्रिया); कर्ता = ‘वयम्’ (implicit)
TypeVerb
Rootभज् (भजँ सेवायाम्/विभागे) + निस्- (उपसर्ग) → निर्भज्
अमुम्that (same) man
अमुम्:
कर्म (object, resumed for emphasis)
TypePronoun
Rootअदस् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → अमु-
आमुष्यायनम्the descendant/son of that man (of such-and-such a one)
आमुष्यायनम्:
कर्म (apposition to अमुम्)
TypeNoun/Adjective (patronymic epithet)
Rootआमुष्यायन (प्रातिपदिक; patronymic/lineage term from ‘अमुष्य’ = ‘of that person’)
अमुष्याःof that (woman/person)
अमुष्याः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
TypePronoun
Rootअदस् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → अमुष्य-
पुत्रम्son
पुत्रम्:
कर्म (in apposition: ‘the son’)
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
असौthat one (yonder)
असौ:
कर्ता (subject of relative clause)
TypePronoun
Rootअदस् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → असौ
यःwho
यः:
कर्ता (relative subject, co-referring to असौ)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक; relative pronoun)
Attribution
Rishi: Atharvanic tradition (not specified in excerpt)
Devata: Nirbhajana/Uccāṭana (functional force of expulsion); implicitly the community’s victorious brahman
Chandas: Formulaic prose (meter uncertain; excerpt ends mid-relative clause)
Mantra Rasa
{"primary_rasa":"raudra","secondary_rasa":"bhayankara","emotional_arc":"From justification (‘therefore’) to decisive banishment.","listener_experience":"Hard-edged resolve; sense of drawing a defensive perimeter.","intensity":8}