Sutra 25

Devanagari script

ताः पञ्चभिरमात्यजनपददुर्गकोशदण्डप्रकृतिभिरेकैकशः सम्युक्ता मण्डलमष्टादशकं भवति ॥ कZ_०६.२.२५ ॥

Transliteration

tāḥ pañcabhir amātyajanapadadurgakośadaṇḍaprakṛtibhir ekaikaśaḥ samyuktā maṇḍalam aṣṭādaśakaṃ bhavati

Translation

When each of those (three political units) is paired, one by one, with the five state-constituents—ministers, territory/population, fort, treasury, and armed force—the mandala becomes eighteenfold.

Word by Word

• ताः: those (feminine plural)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक; स्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा विभक्ति; बहुवचन

• पञ्चभिः: with five / by five
• Type: Numeral
• Root: पञ्चन्
• Form: संख्यावाचक; तृतीया विभक्ति; बहुवचन (करण/सह)

• अमात्य: minister(s), officials
• Type: Noun
• Root: अमात्य
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन (समासाङ्गरूपेण)

• जनपद: country/territory (people and land)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जनपद
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन (समासाङ्गरूपेण)

• दुर्ग: fort
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुर्ग
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन (समासाङ्गरूपेण)

• कोश: treasury
• Type: Noun
• Root: कोश
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन (समासाङ्गरूपेण)

• दण्ड: force; punishment; army/power of coercion
• Type: Noun
• Root: दण्ड
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन (समासाङ्गरूपेण)

• प्रकृतिभिः: by/with the constituent elements (of the state)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रकृति
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; तृतीया विभक्ति; बहुवचन

• एकैकशः: one by one; each separately
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एकैकशस्
• Form: अव्यय; प्रकार/क्रमवाचक

• सम्युक्ताः: joined/combined/associated
• Type: Verb (PPP used adjectivally)
• Root: सम् + युज्
• Form: कृदन्त (क्त); भूतकर्मणि/भूतकृत; स्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा विभक्ति; बहुवचन; ‘ताः’ इति विशेषणम्

• मण्डलम्: the circle (of kings); political sphere
• Type: Noun
• Root: मण्डल
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा विभक्ति; एकवचन

• अष्टादशकम्: a set/group of eighteen
• Type: Noun (numeral-derived)
• Root: अष्टादशक
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा विभक्ति; एकवचन; संख्यासमूहवाचक

• भवति: becomes; is
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू
• Form: लट् लकार; परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष; एकवचन

Entities Mentioned

• amātya
• janapada
• durga
• kośa
• daṇḍa
• maṇḍala

More Details

FAQs

How does the ‘eighteenfold mandala’ help governance practice?

It forces systematic comparison: evaluate not only who is ally/enemy, but also the quality of each actor’s ministers, territory, forts, finances, and force—revealing where to invest, pressure, or negotiate.