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Skanda Purana — Prabhasa Khanda, Shloka 1

Devanagari script

ईश्वर उवाच । या संज्ञा सा स्मृता राज्ञी छाया या सा तु निक्षुभा । राजृ दीप्तौ स्मृतो धातू राजा राजति यः सदा

Transliteration

īśvara uvāca | yā saṃjñā sā smṛtā rājñī chāyā yā sā tu nikṣubhā | rājṛ dīptau smṛto dhātū rājā rājati yaḥ sadā

Translation

Īśvara sprach: „Diejenige, die Saṃjñā ist, wird als ‘Rājñī’ in Erinnerung gehalten; und diejenige, die Chāyā ist, heißt ‘Nikṣubhā’. Die Wortwurzel rāj ist im Sinn von ‘leuchten’ bekannt; daher wird, wer stets erstrahlt, ‘Rājā’ (König) genannt.“

Word by Word
ईश्वरःĪśvara
ईश्वरः:
Karta (Speaker/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootīśvara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा, एकवचन
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Kriyā (Speech verb)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (धा॒तु)
Formलिट् (Perfect); प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
याshe who
या:
Karta (Relative subject)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा, एकवचन (relative pronoun)
संज्ञाSaṃjñā
संज्ञा:
Karta (Subject complement)
TypeNoun
Rootsaṃjñā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा, एकवचन
साshe
सा:
Karta (Correlative subject)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा, एकवचन (correlative pronoun)
स्मृताis remembered/known as
स्मृता:
Kriyā (Predicate in passive sense)
TypeVerb
Rootsmṛ (धा॒तु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past passive participle); स्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा, एकवचन
राज्ञीqueen
राज्ञी:
Karta (Predicate noun)
TypeNoun
Rootrājñī (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘queen’
छायाChāyā (shadow)
छाया:
Karta (Subject complement)
TypeNoun
Rootchāyā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा, एकवचन
याshe who
या:
Karta (Relative subject)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा, एकवचन (relative pronoun)
साshe
सा:
Karta (Correlative subject)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा, एकवचन
तुindeed / but
तु:
Sambandha-bodhaka (Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अवधारण/विरोध (particle)
निक्षुभाNikṣubhā (name/epithet)
निक्षुभा:
Karta (Predicate noun)
TypeNoun
Rootnikṣubhā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा, एकवचन; दुर्लभ-शब्द (rare; likely name/epithet)
राजृthe root ‘rājṛ’
राजृ:
Viṣaya (Topic/term being defined)
TypeNoun
Rootrājṛ (धातु-नाम; धातुपाठ-रूप)
Formधातुनिर्देश-शब्द; प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘राजृ’ इति धातुनाम (root-name)
दीप्तौin the sense of shining
दीप्तौ:
Adhikaraṇa (Semantic domain)
TypeNoun
Rootdīpti (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; सप्तमी (Locative, 7th), एकवचन; अर्थनिर्देशे (in the sense of ‘shining’)
स्मृतःis stated/known
स्मृतः:
Kriyā (Predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootsmṛ (धा॒तु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त; पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘is stated/remembered’
धातुःa verbal root
धातुः:
Karta (Predicate noun)
TypeNoun
Rootdhātu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा, एकवचन
राजाking
राजा:
Karta (Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootrājan (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा, एकवचन
राजतिshines / rules
राजति:
Kriyā (Main verb)
TypeVerb
Rootrāj (धा॒तु)
Formलट् (Present); प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
यःwho
यः:
Karta (Relative subject)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा, एकवचन (relative pronoun)
सदाalways
सदा:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (Adverbial modifier)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsadā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; नित्यत्व-वाचक (always)
Speaker

Īśvara (Śiva)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Prabhāsa-kṣetra

Type: kshetra

Visual Art Cues

Scene: Īśvara as teacher, seated in serene posture, explaining the meanings of Saṃjñā/Chāyā and the root ‘rāj’; a disciple listens attentively, with a subtle radiance motif around the word ‘rāj’.

Characters & Entities
Ī
Īśvara (Śiva)
S
Saṃjñā
C
Chāyā
R
Rājā
R
Rājñī
N
Nikṣubhā

FAQs

True kingship is linked to inner radiance and dharmic splendor; names are treated as carriers of spiritual meaning.

This teaching occurs within the Prabhāsakṣetra Māhātmya, reinforcing Prabhāsa as a place where divine instruction is revealed.

No ritual is prescribed; the verse is an etymological-dharmic explanation.

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