Skanda Purana — Kashi Khanda, Shloka 17

Devanagari script

कृते सर्वत्र तीर्थानि त्रेतायां पुष्करं परम् । द्वापरे तु कुरुक्षेत्रं कलौ गंगैव केवलम्

Transliteration

kṛte sarvatra tīrthāni tretāyāṃ puṣkaraṃ param | dvāpare tu kurukṣetraṃ kalau gaṃgaiva kevalam

Translation

Im Kṛta-Zeitalter sind die Tīrthas überall; in Tretā ist Puṣkara das Höchste; in Dvāpara steht Kurukṣetra an erster Stelle; doch im Kali-Yuga ist allein die Gaṅgā die einzige Zuflucht, der erhabenste Tīrtha.

Word by Word

• कृते: in the Kṛta (age)
• कृते: Adhikarana (Locative/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन; कालवाचक-सप्तमी (locative of time) — "in Kṛta-yuga"

• सर्वत्र: everywhere
• सर्वत्र: Adhikarana (Locative sense/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सर्वत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; स्थानवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (adverb of place)

• तीर्थानि: holy places (tīrthas)
• तीर्थानि: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तीर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन

• त्रेतायाम्: in Tretā (age)
• त्रेतायाम्: Adhikarana (Locative/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्रेता (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन; कालवाचक-सप्तमी

• पुष्करम्: Puṣkara
• पुष्करम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुष्कर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन

• परम्: supreme, best
• परम्: Visheshana (Adjectival/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifier) of पुष्करम्

• द्वापरे: in Dvāpara (age)
• द्वापरे: Adhikarana (Locative/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्वापर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन; कालवाचक-सप्तमी

• तु: but
• तु: Sambandha (Discourse particle/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अवधान/विरोधार्थक निपात (particle: but/indeed)

• कुरुक्षेत्रम्: Kurukṣetra
• कुरुक्षेत्रम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुरु + क्षेत्र (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (कुरूणां क्षेत्रम्)

• कलौ: in Kali (age)
• कलौ: Adhikarana (Locative/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कलि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन; कालवाचक-सप्तमी

• गङ्गा: Gaṅgā
• गङ्गा: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गङ्गा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन

• एव: alone, indeed
• एव: Sambandha (Emphasis particle/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अवधारणार्थक निपात (particle of emphasis/exclusivity)

• केवलम्: only, solely
• केवलम्: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: केवल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; क्रियाविशेषणवत् (adverbial use) — "only"

Speaker

Skanda (deduced: Kāśīkhaṇḍa often Skanda → Agastya)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Gaṅgā

Type: river

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: A devotee/interlocutor within Kāśīkhaṇḍa’s dialogue frame (commonly Śiva/Devī/ṛṣi audiences depending on subchapter)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A yuga-wheel tableau: Kṛta with many shining tīrthas across the earth; Tretā centered on Puṣkara lake; Dvāpara centered on Kurukṣetra; Kali centered on the flowing Gaṅgā, luminous and compassionate, drawing pilgrims to her banks.

Characters & Entities

• Gaṅgā
• Puṣkara
• Kurukṣetra
• Kṛta-yuga
• Tretā-yuga
• Dvāpara-yuga
• Kali-yuga

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

As spiritual capacity declines in Kali-yuga, Gaṅgā is praised as the most accessible and powerful support for purification and merit.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

Gaṅgā is glorified as the foremost tīrtha in Kali-yuga, within the Kāśī-centric sacred landscape.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

No single rite is specified here; the verse establishes Gaṅgā herself as the primary means of tīrtha-merit in Kali-yuga (implying snāna, sevā, and remembrance).