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Rig Veda 5.54.10: Mandala 5, Sukta 54, Mantra 10

Sukta 5.54

Rishi: Atri (Ātreya tradition) (traditional attribution for RV 5.54)
Devata: Maruts (in relation to Sūrya’s rising)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; requires verification)

यन्मरुतः सभरसः स्वर्णरः सूर्य उदिते मदथा दिवो नरः । न वोऽश्वाः श्रथयन्ताह सिस्रतः सद्यो अस्याध्वनः पारमश्नुथ ॥

yán marutaḥ sabharasaḥ svaḥnarāḥ sū́rya údite mádathā divo naraḥ | ná vo'śvāḥ śrathayántāha sísrataḥ sadyó asyā́dhvanaḥ pā́ram aśnutha ||

Wenn ihr, o Maruts, stürmisch, aus dem leuchtenden Himmel geboren, euch am Aufgang der Sonne berauscht, o Männer der Höhen — dann erlahmen eure Rosse nicht im Lauf: sogleich erreicht ihr das fernere Ufer des Weges.

यत्when/that
यत्:
TypeIndeclinable (relative)
Rootयद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)
मरुतःthe Maruts
मरुतः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootमरुत् (prātipadika)
सभरसःbearing (their) loads/booty; well-provisioned
सभरसः:
Kartā (qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootस-भरस् (prātipadika; bahuvrīhi/tatpuruṣa sense ‘with भार/भरण’)
स्वर्णरःgolden/bright (shining)
स्वर्णरः:
Kartā (qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootस्वर्णर (prātipadika; epithet)
सूर्यःthe Sun
सूर्यः:
Adhikaraṇa (temporal reference within clause)
TypeNoun
Rootसूर्य (prātipadika)
उदितेat the rising (of the sun)
उदिते:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeParticiple/Adjective
Rootउद्-इ (√इ ‘to go’ with ud-; kṛdanta ‘udita’)
मदथyou exult/rejoice
मदथ:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Root√मद् (to be exhilarated/intoxicated)
दिवःof heaven/of the sky
दिवः:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootदिव् (prātipadika)
नरःmen/warriors (O heroes)
नरः:
Kartā / Sambodhana (address)
TypeNoun
Rootनर (prātipadika)
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (particle)
वःof you/your
वः:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (pronoun)
अश्वाःhorses
अश्वाः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व (prātipadika)
श्रथयन्तthey slacken/flag
श्रथयन्त:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Root√श्रथ् (to loosen/slacken)
आहindeed/at all
आह:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअह (particle/quotative)
सिस्रतःthey run forth/stream on
सिस्रतः:
Kartā (co-referential with अश्वाः)
TypeVerb (finite, Vedic form)
Root√सृ (to run/flow) with intens./desid. stem सिस्र- (Vedic)
सद्यःimmediately
सद्यः:
Adhikaraṇa (manner/time)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसद्यस् (avyaya)
अस्यof this
अस्य:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (pronoun)
अध्वनःof the path/journey
अध्वनः:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootअध्वन् (prātipadika)
पारम्the far shore/end
पारम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपार (prātipadika)
अश्नुथyou reach/attain
अश्नुथ:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Root√अश् (to reach/attain)

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