Rig Veda 5.22.2 — Mandala 5, Sukta 22, Mantra 2
Sukta 5.22
Rishi: Atri (Ātreya)
Devata: Agni (Jātavedas)
Chandas: Trishtubh (probable; verify in critical edition)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
न्यग्निं जातवेदसं दधाता देवमृत्विजम् । प्र यज्ञ एत्वानुषगद्या देवव्यचस्तमः ॥
Transliteration
ny àgníṁ jātávedasaṁ dádhātā devám ṛtvíjam | prá yajñá étv ānuṣág adyā́ devávyacastamaḥ ||
Translation
Setzt Agni, Jātavedas, den göttlichen Priester der Jahreszeiten, ein. Voranschreiten soll das Opfer heute in rechter Folge; er, der unter den Göttern am weitesten sich ausbreitet, gehe voran und führe.
Word by Word
निdown; in; towards
नि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनि (upasarga) / nī (PIE *nei- ‘down, in’)
अग्निम्Agni; the fire-god
अग्निम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि (prātipadika; PIE *h₁n̥gʷnis ‘fire’)
जातवेदसम्Jātavedas (‘he who knows all births/creatures’), Agni
जातवेदसम्:
Karma (apposition to अग्निम्)
TypeNoun (epithet)
Rootजातवेदस् (prātipadika; kṛdanta compound: जात ‘born’ < √जन् + वेदस् ‘knowledge’ < √विद्)
दधातlet (him) place; let (him) establish
दधात:
—
TypeVerb
Root√धा (धारणे/स्थापने) with reduplication (दधा-)
देवम्the god; divine
देवम्:
Karma (apposition to अग्निम्)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootदेव (prātipadika) < √दिव् (‘shine’)
ऋत्विजम्the officiating priest
ऋत्विजम्:
Karma (apposition to अग्निम्)
TypeNoun
Rootऋत्विज् (prātipadika; ऋतु ‘season/rite-time’ + √यज् ‘to sacrifice’ → ‘one who sacrifices at the proper time’)
प्रforth; forward
प्र:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्र (upasarga/avyaya)
यज्ञःthe sacrifice; the rite
यज्ञः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञ (prātipadika) < √यज् (‘to worship/sacrifice’)
एतुlet (it) go/come; let (it) proceed
एतु:
—
TypeVerb
Root√इ (गत्यर्थे)
आto; hither; near
आ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (upasarga/avyaya)
अनुषक्in due order; successively; continuously
अनुषक्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअनुषक् (avyaya; from anu- ‘after’ + शक्/शच्-formation ‘in sequence/continuously’)
अद्यtoday; now
अद्य:
Adhikaraṇa (time)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअद्य (avyaya)
देवव्यचस्तमःmost divinely radiant; most wide-shining
देवव्यचस्तमः:
Kartā (agreeing with यज्ञः) / or epithet of the subject in the 2nd hemistich
TypeAdjective (superlative epithet)
Rootदेवव्यचस्-तम (prātipadika; compound: देव ‘divine’ + व्यचस् ‘wide-shining/spreading radiance’ < √व्यच्/√वच्? (Vedic vyacas ‘wide, expansive, radiant’) + superlative -तम)
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