Rig Veda 4.1.17 — Mandala 4, Sukta 1, Mantra 17
Sukta 4.1
Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama
Devata: Uṣas and Sūrya (within the Agni hymn’s illumination sequence)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
नेशत्तमो दुधितं रोचत द्यौरुद्देव्या उषसो भानुरर्त । आ सूर्यो बृहतस्तिष्ठदज्राँ ऋजु मर्तेषु वृजिना च पश्यन् ॥
Transliteration
néśat támo dúdhitaṃ rócata dyáur úd devyā́ uṣáso bhā́nur arta | ā́ sū́ryo bृहतás tiṣṭhad ájrāṃ ṛjú márteṣu vṛjinā́ ca páśyan ||
Translation
Die verdichtete Finsternis wich; der Himmel leuchtete auf. Der Strahl der göttlichen Uṣas stieg empor. Da stand Sūrya im Weiten, auf den ungebrochenen Fluren, gerade sehend unter den Sterblichen — und auch die Krümmung erblickend.
Word by Word
नेशत्perished / vanished
नेशत्:
Kartā
TypeVerb
Rootनश् (नशँ) / √naś
तमःdarkness
तमः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootतमस् (प्रातिपदिक) / tamas
दुधितम्shaken / driven away
दुधितम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective (participle)
Root√धू (धूनोति) → दुधित (कृदन्त, PPP) / dhū
रोचतshone
रोचत:
Kartā
TypeVerb
Root√रुच् (रुचँ) / ruc
द्यौःthe sky
द्यौः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootद्यौ (प्रातिपदिक) / dyau
उत्up / forth
उत्:
—
TypeIndeclinable (preverb)
Rootउत्
देव्याःof the goddess
देव्याः:
Sambandha (genitive)
TypeAdjective/Noun
Rootदेवी (प्रातिपदिक) / devī
उषसःof Uṣas (Dawn)
उषसः:
Sambandha (genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootउषस् (प्रातिपदिक) / uṣas
भानुःradiance / beam
भानुः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootभानु (प्रातिपदिक) / bhānu
अर्तmoved / set in motion
अर्त:
Kartā
TypeVerb
Root√ऋ (ऋ गतौ) / √ar (Vedic: arta)
आtowards / forth
आ:
—
TypeIndeclinable (preverb)
Rootआ
सूर्यःthe Sun
सूर्यः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootसूर्य (प्रातिपदिक) / sūrya
बृहतःof the great (one)
बृहतः:
Sambandha (genitive)
TypeAdjective
Rootबृहन्त् (प्रातिपदिक) / bṛhant
तिष्ठत्standing
तिष्ठत्:
Kartā
TypeVerb (participle)
Root√स्था (तिष्ठति) / sthā
अज्रान्open fields / plains
अज्रान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअज्र (प्रातिपदिक) / ajra
ऋजुstraight / rightly
ऋजु:
—
TypeAdjective/Adverb
Rootऋजु (प्रातिपदिक) / ṛju
मर्तेषुamong mortals
मर्तेषु:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootमर्त (प्रातिपदिक) / marta
वृजिनाwrongs / crooked deeds
वृजिना:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवृजिन (प्रातिपदिक) / vṛjina
चand
च:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
पश्यन्seeing / beholding
पश्यन्:
Kartā
TypeVerb (participle)
Root√पश् (पश्यति) / paś
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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