Rig Veda 3.15.6: Mandala 3, Sukta 15, Mantra 6

Sukta 3.15

Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina (family attribution)

Devata: Agni (in harmony with the gods)

Chandas: Trishtubh (probable; confirm in edition)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

प्र पीपय वृषभ जिन्व वाजानग्ने त्वं रोदसी नः सुदोघे । देवेभिर्देव सुरुचा रुचानो मा नो मर्तस्य दुर्मतिः परि ष्ठात् ॥

Transliteration

prá pī́paya vṛṣabha jínva vā́jān agne tváṃ rodasī naḥ su-dóghē | devébhir deva su-rúcā rucānó mā́ no mártasya dur-matíḥ pári ṣṭhāt ||

Translation

Lass uns wachsen, o starker Stier; belebe die Füllen der Kraft. O Agni, du machst uns die beiden Welten gut melkend. O Gott, der unter den Göttern mit schönem Licht erstrahlt, lass nicht den bösen Gedanken des Sterblichen uns umringen.

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Word by Word

• प्र: forth, forward
• प्र: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्र (upasarga)

• पीपय: make (him/it) drink; cause to swell/refresh
• पीपय: (verb; governs कर्म)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √पा (पिबति/पाययति) → causative √पा (पाययति); Vedic intensive/causative form

• वृषभ: O bull (strong one)
• वृषभ: Sambodhana (addressed)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृषभ (prātipadika)

• जिन्व: impel, quicken, set in motion
• जिन्व: (verb; governs कर्म)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √जिव्/√जिन्व् (जिन्वति)

• वाजान्: prizes; strengths; (winning) powers
• वाजान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाज (prātipadika)

• अग्ने: O Agni
• अग्ने: Sambodhana
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि (prātipadika)

• त्वम्: thou
• त्वम्: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (pronoun stem)

• रोदसी: the two worlds (heaven and earth)
• रोदसी: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: रोदसी (dual stem; from रोदस्)

• नः: of us; our
• नः: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (pronoun stem)

• सुदोघे: well-milking, bountiful (two)
• सुदोघे: Karma (viśeṣaṇa of रोदसी)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: सुदोघ (su-doha) (prātipadika)

• देवेभिः: with the gods
• देवेभिः: Karaṇa / Sahakārī
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (prātipadika)

• देव: O god
• देव: Sambodhana
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (prātipadika)

• सुरुचा: with beautiful radiance
• सुरुचा: Karaṇa (manner/means: ‘with fair light’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुरुच्/सुरुचा (su-ruc) (prātipadika)

• रुचानः: shining, gleaming
• रुचानः: Kartā (agreeing with त्वम्/अग्निः)
• Type: Participle
• Root: √रुच् (रुचते) → present middle participle

• मा: do not
• मा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मा (prohibitive particle)

• नः: us
• नः: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्

• मर्तस्य: of a mortal
• मर्तस्य: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: मर्त (prātipadika)

• दुर्मतिः: evil thought; ill intent
• दुर्मतिः: Kartā (of परि…ष्ठात्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुर्मति (dur-mati) (prātipadika)

• परि: around, about
• परि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: परि (upasarga)

• ष्ठात्: may it stand/come upon; may it beset
• ष्ठात्: (verb; takes कर्म = नः)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √स्था (तिष्ठति) with preverb परि-