Valmiki Ramayana 5.48.57 — Sundara Kanda, Sarga 48, Shloka 57

इन्द्रजित्प्रेषणम्—ब्रह्मास्त्रबन्धः, हनूमद्ग्रहणं, रावणसभाप्रवेशः

Indrajit’s Deployment—Brahmāstra Binding, Hanuman’s Capture, Entry into Ravana’s Court

Devanagari script

अतीत्य मार्गं सहसा महात्मा स तत्र रक्षोधिपपादमूले।ददर्श राज्ञः परिचारवृद्धान् गृहं महारत्नविभूषितं च।।।।

Transliteration

atītya mārgaṃ sahasā mahātmā sa tatra rakṣodhipa-pādamūle | dadarśa rājñaḥ paricāra-vृद्धhān gṛhaṃ mahāratna-vibhūṣitaṃ ca ||

Translation

Rasch den Weg überschreitend, gelangte der Großherzige an den Ort zu Füßen des Königs der Rākṣasas; dort sah er die betagten Diener des Königs und den Palast, geschmückt mit kostbarsten Juwelen.

Word by Word

• अतीत्य: having crossed
• अतीत्य: Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अति+इ (धातु) → अतीत्य (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्ययम् (Gerund/Absolutive), ‘having crossed/passed’

• मार्गम्: the path
• मार्गम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मार्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचनम्

• सहसा: suddenly
• सहसा: Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सहसा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्ययम्; शीघ्रार्थक-क्रियाविशेषणम् (adverb: suddenly/quickly)

• महात्मा: the great-souled one
• महात्मा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महात्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा, एकवचनम्

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा, एकवचनम् (pronoun)

• तत्र: there
• तत्र: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक-अव्ययम् (locative adverb)

• रक्षोधिपपादमूले: at the base of the demon-king's feet
• रक्षोधिपपादमूले: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रक्षः+अधिप (प्रातिपदिक) + पाद (प्रातिपदिक) + मूल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचनम्; समासः षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: रक्षोधिपस्य पादस्य मूले (at the foot-base of the lord of rakshasas)

• ददर्श: saw
• ददर्श: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश् (धातु)
• Form: लकारः लिट् (Perfect), पुरुषः प्रथमः (3rd), वचनम् एकवचनम्, परस्मैपदम्

• राज्ञः: of the king
• राज्ञः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचनम्

• परिचारवृद्धान्: aged attendants
• परिचारवृद्धान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: परिचार (प्रातिपदिक) + वृद्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे द्वितीया, बहुवचनम्; समासः कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुष-भावः: परिचाराः ये वृद्धाः (aged attendants/elder servants)

• गृहम्: the house/palace
• गृहम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गृह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे द्वितीया, एकवचनम्

• महारत्नविभूषितम्: adorned with precious gems
• महारत्नविभूषितम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महा (प्रातिपदिक) + रत्न (प्रातिपदिक) + विभूषित (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकृदन्तः (क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्गे द्वितीया, एकवचनम्; समासः तत्पुरुषः: महारत्नैः विभूषितम् (adorned with great gems)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्ययम् (and)

Context

The great Hanuman moving quickly and crossing the path came near the feet of the king. He saw the aged and experienced ministers of the king and the palace of the king adorned with precious gems.

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān
• Rāvaṇa (rakṣodhipa)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma here is expressed as composure and purposeful movement: even in captivity and danger, Hanumān proceeds toward his mission with clarity rather than fear.

What is the narrative situation?

Hanumān is brought into Rāvaṇa’s royal presence; the scene opens onto the court, attendants, and the jeweled palace.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Hanumān’s mahātmatā—steadfastness and inner greatness—shown by calm observation and readiness to speak the truth of his mission.