Valmiki Ramayana 5.1.85 — Sundara Kanda, Sarga 1, Shloka 85

समुद्रलङ्घनारम्भः

Commencement of the Ocean-Crossing

Devanagari script

ऋषयस्तुष्टुवुश्चैनं प्लवमानं विहायसा।जगुश्च देवगन्धर्वाः प्रशंसन्तो महौजसम्।।।।

Transliteration

ṛṣayas tuṣṭuvuś cainaṃ plavamānaṃ vihāyasā |

jaguś ca devagandharvāḥ praśaṃsanto mahaujasam ||

Translation

Als er durch den Himmel dahinzog, priesen ihn die Rishis; und Devas und Gandharvas sangen, den Mächtigen von großem Glanz rühmend.

Word by Word

• ऋषयः: sages
• ऋषयः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋषि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• तुष्टुवुः: praised
• तुष्टुवुः: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्तु (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन, परस्मैपद

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय

• एनम्: him
• एनम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• प्लवमानम्: leaping
• प्लवमानम्: Karma-anvaya (विशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्लु (धातु)
• Form: वर्तमानकाले कर्तरि कृदन्त (present active participle/शानच्), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण

• विहायसा: in the sky
• विहायसा: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/locative sense)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विहायस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; अधिकरणार्थे (instrumental used adverbially: 'in/through the sky')

• जगुः: sang
• जगुः: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गै (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन, परस्मैपद

• च: also/and
• च: Sambandha (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय

• देवगन्धर्वाः: devas and gandharvas
• देवगन्धर्वाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव + गन्धर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• प्रशंसन्तः: praising
• प्रशंसन्तः: Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र + शंस् (धातु)
• Form: वर्तमानकाले कर्तरि कृदन्त (present active participle/शतृ), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; क्रियाविशेषणभावे

• महौजसम्: the greatly vigorous one
• महौजसम्: Karma (कर्म; apposition to एनम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महā + ओजस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; बहुव्रीहिः (one who has great vigor)

Context

The sages praised him while he was coursing through the sky, the gods and gandharvas sang in praise of him extolling his majesty and vigour.

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān
• Ṛṣis
• Devas
• Gandharvas
• sky (vihāyas)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is upheld by the approval of the wise: the praise of ṛṣis symbolizes moral validation of Hanumān’s selfless service.

What is the narrative situation?

Hanumān’s flight becomes a cosmic spectacle, witnessed and celebrated by sages and celestial beings.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Tejas (radiant strength) directed toward a righteous end.