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Shloka 10

सम्पातिवाक्यम्

Sampati’s Intelligence Report on Sita’s Abduction

स कदाचित्क्षुधार्तस्य ममाहाराभिकाङ्क्षिणः।गतसूर्येऽहनि प्राप्तो मम पुत्रो ह्यनामिषः।।।।

sa kadācit kṣudhārtasya mamāhārābhikāṅkṣiṇaḥ | gatasūrye 'hani prāpto mama putro hy anāmiṣaḥ || 4.59.10 ||

Einst, als ich vom Hunger gequält war und nach Nahrung verlangte, kehrte mein Sohn nach Sonnenuntergang zu mir zurück — ohne jegliches Fleisch.

saḥhe
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormSarvanāma, Masculine, Nominative (1), Singular
kadācitonce
kadācit:
Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण/Time)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkadācit (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, adverb of time (कालवाचक)
kṣudhā-ārtasyaof me, afflicted by hunger
kṣudhā-ārtasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeAdjective
Rootkṣudhā (प्रातिपदिक) + ārta (कृदन्त; √ṛ/ard? here ārta as adjective ‘afflicted’)
FormTatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) ‘afflicted by hunger’; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (षष्ठी/6), Singular (एकवचन); qualifies mama (me)
mamaof me; my
mama:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Possessor)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormSarvanāma, Genitive (6), Singular
āhāra-abhikāṅkṣiṇaḥof me, longing for food
āhāra-abhikāṅkṣiṇaḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeAdjective
Rootāhāra (प्रातिपदिक) + abhikāṅkṣin (कृदन्त; abhi-√kāṅkṣ काङ्क्ष्)
FormTatpuruṣa ‘desiring food’; abhikāṅkṣin = present participial adjective (शतृ/agent-noun like) from abhi-√kāṅkṣ; Masculine, Genitive (6), Singular; qualifies mama (me)
gata-sūryewhen the sun had set
gata-sūrye:
Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण/Time)
TypeAdjective
Rootgata (कृदन्त; √gam गम्) + sūrya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormLocative absolute (सप्तमी-सम्बन्ध/सप्तमी-absolute): ‘when the sun had set’; Neuter/Masculine Locative (सप्तमी/7), Singular (एकवचन)
ahanion the day
ahani:
Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण/Time)
TypeNoun
Rootahan (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (सप्तमी/7), Singular (एकवचन)
prāptaḥarrived
prāptaḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicative participle)
TypeVerb
Rootprāpta (कृदन्त; pra-√āp आप्)
FormPast passive participle (क्त/PPP) of pra-√āp ‘to reach/arrive’; Masculine, Nominative (1), Singular; predicate with putraḥ
mamamy
mama:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Possessor)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormSarvanāma, Genitive (6), Singular
putraḥson
putraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootputra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1), Singular
hiindeed
hi:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, particle (emphasis/causal)
anāmiṣaḥwithout meat
anāmiṣaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootan- (उपसर्ग/नञ्) + āmiṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNañ-tatpuruṣa (नञ्-तत्पुरुष) as negative formation ‘without meat’; Masculine, Nominative (1), Singular; qualifies putraḥ

'Once my son came to me without meat after sunset while I was feeling hungry for food.

S
Sampāti
S
Sampāti’s son

FAQs

Dharma under scarcity: the verse frames a truthful account of deprivation, preparing for a lesson about restraint, duty, and right conduct even when hungry.

Sampāti begins a backstory: while he was hungry, his son returned empty-handed after sunset, prompting an explanation.

Endurance (kṣamā/śakti): Sampāti survives hardship and narrates it clearly, without distortion.