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Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 11

Dharma-ākhyāna (Discourse on Dharma): Worthy Charity, Fruitless Gifts, and the Merit of Building Ponds

शूद्रान्नभोजिनश्चैव शूद्राणां शवदाहिनः । पौंश्वलान्नभुजश्चापि दत्तं भवति निष्फलम् ॥ १२ ॥

śūdrānnabhojinaścaiva śūdrāṇāṃ śavadāhinaḥ | pauṃśvalānnabhujaścāpi dattaṃ bhavati niṣphalam || 12 ||

Eine Gabe wird fruchtlos, wenn sie einem gegeben wird, der die Speise eines Śūdra isst, einem, der die Leichen der Śūdras verbrennt, oder einem, der die Speise einer zügellosen Frau isst.

शूद्र-अन्न-भोजिनःthose who eat a Śūdra’s food
शूद्र-अन्न-भोजिनः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootशूद्र (प्रातिपदिक) + अन्न (प्रातिपदिक) + भोजिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष-परम्परा (शूद्रस्य अन्नं तद् भोजयति/भुङ्क्ते)
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)
एवindeed
एव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअवधारणार्थक-अव्यय (emphasis)
शूद्राणाम्of Śūdras
शूद्राणाम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootशूद्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन
शव-दाहिनःthose who burn corpses
शव-दाहिनः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootशव (प्रातिपदिक) + दाहिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (शवस्य दाहकः)
पौंश्वल-अन्न-भुजःthose who eat the food of a prostitute/unchaste woman
पौंश्वल-अन्न-भुजः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootपौंश्वल (प्रातिपदिक) + अन्न (प्रातिपदिक) + भुज्/भुज (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष-परम्परा (पौंश्वलस्य अन्नं भुङ्क्ते)
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय
अपिalso/even
अपि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय/अपवादार्थक-अव्यय (also/even)
दत्तम्a gift; what is given
दत्तम्:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootदा (धातु) → दत्त (कृदन्त/क्त)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन
भवतिbecomes/is
भवति:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
Formलट्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
निष्फलम्fruitless
निष्फलम्:
Karta-pradhana Visheshana (विशेषण/Predicate adjective)
TypeAdjective
Rootनिष्फल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (दत्तम्)

Sanatkumara (teaching Narada on dāna-dharma and eligibility)

Vrata: none

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: bibhatsa

FAQs

It teaches that the merit (puṇya) of dāna depends not only on intention but also on the recipient’s ritual purity and conduct; giving to those associated with impure food or occupations is said to yield no spiritual fruit (niṣphala).

By stressing discernment and purity in religious acts, it supports bhakti as disciplined worship—offerings and charity should be aligned with dharma and śauca so that devotional acts bear lasting merit.

It reflects Kalpa (ritual procedure) and Dharma-śāstra style rules about eligibility and purity—especially the doctrine of anna-doṣa (impurity through food) affecting the outcome of rites like dāna.