Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 2

The Narration of the Trayodaśī Vow Observed Throughout the Twelve Months

Devanagari script

मधौ शुक्लत्रयोदश्यां मदनं चन्दनात्मकम् । कृत्वा संपूज्य यत्नेन वीजेयव्द्यजनेन च ॥ २ ॥

Transliteration

madhau śuklatrayodaśyāṃ madanaṃ candanātmakam | kṛtvā saṃpūjya yatnena vījeyavdyajanena ca || 2 ||

Translation

Am hellen Trayodaśī des Monats Madhu soll man Madana, die Gottheit der Liebe, aus Sandelholz gestalten, ihn mit Sorgfalt und Eifer verehren und ihn danach mit einem zeremoniellen Fächer fächeln.

Word by Word

• मधौ: in Madhu (spring month)
• मधौ: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Time-location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मधु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन (Singular); मासवाचक (month-name)

• शुक्ल-त्रयोदश्याम्: on the bright (fortnight) thirteenth
• शुक्ल-त्रयोदश्याम्: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Time)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शुक्ल (प्रातिपदिक) + त्रयोदशी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन (Singular); शुक्लपक्षसम्बद्धा त्रयोदशी (locative of 'on the bright thirteenth')

• मदनम्: Madana (Kāma)
• मदनम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मदन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन (Singular)

• चन्दन-आत्मकम्: made of sandalwood
• चन्दन-आत्मकम्: Karma-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्मसमानााधिकरण/Object complement)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: चन्दन (प्रातिपदिक) + आत्मक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन (Singular); विशेषण (adjective) of मदनम्

• कृत्वा: having made
• कृत्वा: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (Gerund/Absolutive)

• सम्पूज्य: having worshipped well
• सम्पूज्य: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: पूज् (धातु) + सम् (उपसर्ग)
• Form: ल्यप्/क्त्वा-अर्थक अव्ययकृदन्त (Gerund), 'having duly worshipped'

• यत्नेन: with effort/carefully
• यत्नेन: Karana (करण/Means; manner)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यत्न (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन (Singular)

• वीजयेव्: should fan
• वीजयेव्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वीज् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular); पाठभेद/लिप्यन्तरदोषसम्भवः (IAST corrupt: vījeyav-)

• व्यजनेन: with a fan
• व्यजनेन: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्यजन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन (Singular)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय (conjunction)

Speaker

Narada (instructional narration in vrata-vidhi context)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: Trayodaśī-vrata (Madhu-śukla Trayodaśī observance; Kāma/Madana-pūjā)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhakti

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Characters & Entities

• Madana
• Candana

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It prescribes a tithi-specific vrata act: crafting a sandalwood form of Madana and honoring it with full worship and upachāras, emphasizing disciplined, time-bound ritual as a means of dharmic merit.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

Bhakti is expressed through attentive service (saṃpūjā and vyajana-sevā). The verse highlights devotion as careful, embodied worship—offering presence, reverence, and ritual hospitality to the deity-form.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

Kalpa (ritual procedure) and Jyotiṣa (tithi/time-reckoning) are implicit: the observance is fixed to śukla-trayodaśī and includes specific upachāras like fanning with a vyajana.