Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 16

The Exposition of the Dvādaśī Vow for the Twelve Months

Dvādaśī-vrata-nirṇaya and Mahā-dvādaśī Lakṣaṇas

Devanagari script

पक्कान्नं तृप्तिजनकं मधुरं सोदकुंभकम् । विप्राय दद्याद्विधिवन्माधवः प्रीयतामिति ॥ १६ ॥

Transliteration

pakkānnaṃ tṛptijanakaṃ madhuraṃ sodakuṃbhakam | viprāya dadyādvidhivanmādhavaḥ prīyatāmiti || 16 ||

Translation

Nach rechter Vorschrift soll man einem Brahmanen gekochte Speise geben, süß und sättigend, zusammen mit einem Wasserkrug, und dabei beten: „Möge Mādhava zufrieden sein.“

Word by Word

• पक्क-अन्नम्: cooked food
• पक्क-अन्नम्: Karma (कर्म; object to be given)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पक्क (पच् धातु, क्त कृदन्त) + अन्न (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; ‘पक्कम् अन्नम्’

• तृप्ति-जनकम्: causing satisfaction
• तृप्ति-जनकम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तृप्ति (प्रातिपदिक) + जनक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; विशेषणं ‘पक्कान्नम्’

• मधुरम्: sweet
• मधुरम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मधुर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; विशेषणं ‘पक्कान्नम्’

• स-उदक-कुम्भकम्: together with a water pot
• स-उदक-कुम्भकम्: Karma (कर्म; object to be given)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स (अव्यय/सह) + उदक (प्रातिपदिक) + कुम्भक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; ‘उदककुम्भकेन सह’ (together with a water-pot)

• विप्राय: to a brāhmaṇa
• विप्राय: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान; recipient)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विप्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4th/चतुर्थी), एकवचन

• दद्यात्: should give
• दद्यात्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative/विधिलिङ्), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• विधिवत्: according to rule
• विधिवत्: Sambandha/Prakaraṇa (सम्बन्ध/प्रकरण; manner)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: विधिवत् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb)

• माधवः: Mādhava (Vishnu)
• माधवः: Karta (कर्ता; subject of ‘prīyatām’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: माधव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन

• प्रीयताम्: may (he) be pleased
• प्रीयताम्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्री (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative/लोट्), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद; आशीर्लिङ्गार्थे (benedictive sense)

• इति: thus
• इति: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध; quotation marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (quotative particle)

Speaker

Narada (teaching in a Vaiṣṇava vrata/dāna context)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: Dvādaśī-vrata (continuation; Mādhava-focused)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhakti

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Characters & Entities

• Madhava
• Vipra (Brahmana)

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It frames dāna (charitable giving) as a direct act of Vaiṣṇava devotion: the gift is offered with the intention “May Mādhava be pleased,” turning ritual charity into bhakti-centered worship.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

Bhakti here is expressed through intention (saṅkalpa) and service: feeding a worthy brāhmaṇa and providing water are presented as offerings to Mādhava, emphasizing devotion through compassionate, dharmic action.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

Kalpa (ritual procedure) is implied by “vidhivat”—giving in the prescribed manner—highlighting correct observance of dāna-vidhi within vrata and household ritual practice.