Shloka 31

Adhyaya 20 — Ritadhvaja’s Companionship with the Naga Princes and the Origin of the Horse Kuvalaya

Sanskrit

पुत्रावूचतुः किं तस्य कृतकृत्यस्य कर्तुं शक्येत केनचित् ।

यस्य सर्वार्थिनो गेहे सर्वकामैः सदाऽर्च्चिताः ॥

Transliteration

putrāvūcatuḥ kiṃ tasya kṛtakṛtyasya kartuṃ śakyeta kenacit | yasya sarvārthino gehe sarvakāmaiḥ sadārccitāḥ ||

Translation

Die beiden Söhne sprachen: Was könnte irgendjemand für jenen Mann tun, der bereits alles vollbracht hat, was zu tun war—dessen Haus von allen Bittenden stets geehrt wird und mit jedem gewünschten Gut versehen ist?

Word by Word

• पुत्रौ: the two sons
• पुत्रौ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन

• ऊचतुः: said
• ऊचतुः: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect, लिट्), परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष, द्विवचन

• किम्: what
• किम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: किम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; interrogative pronoun

• तस्य: for him/of him
• तस्य: Shashthi-Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी, एकवचन

• कृत-कृत्यस्य: of one who has fulfilled his duty
• कृत-कृत्यस्य: Shashthi-Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृत (कृ-धातु, कृदन्त) + कृत्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय समास (‘done-what-should-be-done’); पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• कर्तुम्: to do
• कर्तुम्: Prayojana (प्रयोजन/infinitive complement)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: तुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय/कृदन्त (infinitive); ‘to do’

• शक्येत: could be done/possible
• शक्येत: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: शक् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative, विधिलिङ्), आत्मनेपद; प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; passive sense ‘could be possible’

• केनचित्: by anyone
• केनचित्: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + चित् (अव्यय-प्रत्यय)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; अनिश्चित-प्रयोग (indefinite)

• यस्य: whose
• यस्य: Shashthi-Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; relative pronoun

• सर्व-अर्थिनः: all supplicants/seekers
• सर्व-अर्थिनः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक) + अर्थिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष समास (‘all-seekers’); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• गेहे: in (his) house
• गेहे: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गृह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन

• सर्व-कामैः: with all desired things
• सर्व-कामैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक) + काम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष समास (‘all desires/desired things’); पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन

• सदा: always
• सदा: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सदा (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (adverb)

• अर्चिताः: are honored/worshipped
• अर्चिताः: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अर्च् (धातु)
• Form: क्त (past passive participle, क्त); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; कर्मणि प्रयोगे ‘honoured’

Speakers

• Two sons replying to the father

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Hospitality
• Fulfillment (kṛtakṛtya)
• Wealth used for social good

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The sons define ‘accomplishment’ as being a perennial support-center for others. A house that continuously satisfies petitioners becomes a marker of completed life-purpose (kṛtakṛtyatā).

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Ethical-social idealization within narrative, not pañcalakṣaṇa.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘House’ can signify the heart/mind-space; when it is ‘honored by all petitioners,’ it means all legitimate needs are harmonized rather than repressed—indicating inner completeness.