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Shloka 10

Bhīṣma–Arjuna Strategic Engagement at Virāṭa’s Frontier (भीष्मार्जुनयुद्धम्)

ततोअ<र्धचन्द्रमावृत्य तेन पार्थ: समागमत्‌ | वारणेनेव मत्तेन मत्तो वारणयूथप:,तदनन्तर पसीनेसे अर्धचन्द्राकार धनुषकी डोरीको माँजकर अर्जुन अश्वत्थामासे भिड़ गये, मानो कोई उन्मत्त गजयूथाधिपति किसी दूसरे मतवाले हाथीके साथ जा भिड़ा हो

tato 'rdhacandram āvṛtya tena pārthaḥ samāgamat | vāraṇeneva mattena matto vāraṇayūthapaḥ ||

Vaiśampāyana sprach: Dann, nachdem er die Sehne seines Bogens zu einem Halbmond gekrümmt hatte, ging Pārtha (Arjuna) auf ihn zu und stellte ihn. Es war, als stürme ein rasender Anführer einer Elefantenherde gegen einen anderen, ebenso wütenden Elefanten an—gleiches Gewicht an Kraft und ein ungebändigter Kampfeswille, in dem sich Können ohne Nachgeben bewährt.

ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतद्
Formavyaya (ablatival adverb: 'from that/thereupon')
अर्धचन्द्रम्a half-moon (crescent-shaped weapon/arrow)
अर्धचन्द्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअर्धचन्द्र
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
आवृत्यhaving covered/encircled
आवृत्य:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootआ-√वृ (वृणोति/वर्तते)
Formabsolutive (क्त्वा-न्त), 'having covered/encircled'
तेनwith that, by that
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formneuter/masculine, instrumental, singular
पार्थःPartha (Arjuna)
पार्थः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
समागमत्met, engaged, came together (in combat)
समागमत्:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-√गम्
Formaorist (लुङ्), 3rd person, singular, parasmaipada
वारणेनेवlike an elephant
वारणेनेव:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवारण + इव
Formवारण: masculine, instrumental, singular; इव: avyaya
मत्तेनby/with a maddened (one)
मत्तेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootमत्त
Formmasculine, instrumental, singular
मत्तःmaddened
मत्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमत्त
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
वारणयूथपःleader of an elephant-herd
वारणयूथपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवारण-यूथप
Formmasculine, nominative, singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

वैशम्पायन (Vaiśampāyana)
पार्थ (Arjuna)
अर्धचन्द्र (half-moon curve)
वारण (elephant)
वारणयूथप (leader of an elephant herd)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the intensity and parity of heroic confrontation: when two equally powerful forces meet, the outcome depends on steadiness, skill, and resolve rather than mere aggression. The elephant simile underscores controlled ferocity—strength directed toward a clear aim.

After arranging his bow (or bowstring) into a crescent-like ‘half-moon’ curve, Arjuna advances and engages his opponent directly. The encounter is compared to two rut-maddened elephants colliding—signaling a fierce, close-quarters clash between matched champions.