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Shloka 44

Virāṭa-parva Adhyāya 33 — Kuru Cattle-Raid and Matsya Mobilization (भूमिंजय-प्रेरणा)

अनेन वीर्येण कथं गास्त्व॑ प्रार्थयसे बलात्‌ | कथं चानुचरांस्त्यक्त्वा शत्रुमध्ये विषीदसि,“इसी पराक्रमके भरोसे तुम विराटकी गौओंको बलपूर्वक कैसे ले जाना चाहते थे? अपने सेवकोंको शत्रुओंके बीचमें छोड़कर क्यों भागते और विषाद करते हो?”

anena vīryeṇa kathaṃ gāstvā prārthayase balāt | kathaṃ cānucarāṃstyaktvā śatrumadhye viṣīdasi |

Vaiśampāyana sprach: „Auf diese sogenannte Tapferkeit gestützt—wie konntest du meinen, du könntest Virāṭas Rinderherde mit bloßer Gewalt an dich reißen? Und wie kommt es, dass du, nachdem du deine eigenen Gefolgsleute mitten unter den Feinden zurückgelassen hast, nun fliehst und in Verzweiflung versinkst?“

अनेनby this
अनेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootइदम्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
वीर्येणwith valor/strength
वीर्येण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवीर्य
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
कथम्how?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
गाःcows
गाः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगो
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रार्थयसेyou seek/ask for
प्रार्थयसे:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रार्थय्
FormPresent, Indicative, Second, Singular, Atmanepada
बलात्by force/forcibly
बलात्:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबल
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
कथम्how?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अनुचरान्attendants/followers
अनुचरान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअनुचर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
त्यक्त्वाhaving abandoned
त्यक्त्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootत्यज्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada/Atmanepada-neutral
शत्रुof enemies
शत्रु:
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रु
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
मध्येin the midst
मध्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमध्य
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
विषीदसिyou despair/sink down
विषीदसि:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-षद्
FormPresent, Indicative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
V
Virāṭa
C
cattle (Virāṭa’s cows)
A
attendants/retainers (anucarāḥ)
E
enemies (śatru)

Educational Q&A

The verse condemns hollow bravado and highlights kṣatriya ethics: one must not commit injustice (forcibly seizing another king’s cattle) and, having initiated conflict, must not abandon one’s own followers or collapse into despair. True valor includes responsibility, steadiness, and protection of dependents.

In the Virāṭa Parva’s cattle-raid context, a rebuke is voiced (as narrated by Vaiśampāyana) toward those who attempted to carry off King Virāṭa’s cows by force but, when confronted in battle, left their attendants amid enemies and fled, becoming despondent.