Shloka 34

Droṇa’s Withdrawal, Death, and the Kaurava Rout (द्रोणनिधन-प्रसङ्गः)

Devanagari script

तद्‌ देवगन्धर्वसमाकुलं च यक्षासुरेन्द्राप्सरसां गणैश्न

Transliteration

tad devagandharvasamākulaṃ ca yakṣāsurendrāpsarasāṃ gaṇaiḥ

Translation

Sañjaya sprach: „Jener Anblick wurde dicht erfüllt von himmlischen Wesen—Göttern und Gandharvas—sowie von Scharen der Yakṣas, herrischen Asuras und Gruppen der Apsaras.“

Word by Word

• तत्: that (it)
• तत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• देवगन्धर्वसमाकुलम्: crowded/filled with gods and Gandharvas
• देवगन्धर्वसमाकुलम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: समाकुल
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• यक्षासुरेन्द्राप्सरसाम्: of Yakṣas, Asura-lords, and Apsarases
• Type: Noun
• Root: यक्षासुरेन्द्राप्सरस्
• Form: Feminine, Genitive, Plural

• गणैः: by/with groups
• गणैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: गण
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Devas
• Gandharvas
• Yakṣas
• Asura-indras
• Apsarases

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse underscores that acts on the battlefield—especially climactic, dharma-charged moments—are not merely human affairs; they are witnessed by the wider cosmic order. This framing invites ethical reflection: one’s conduct in war is accountable beyond immediate victory or loss.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya describes a spectacle so extraordinary that it draws multitudes of celestial beings—Devas, Gandharvas, Yakṣas, Asura-lords, and Apsarases—who gather as onlookers around the event previously mentioned in the surrounding verses.