Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 4

Agnihotra, Seasonal Śrauta Duties, and the Authority of Śruti–Smṛti–Purāṇa

नवेनान्नेन चानिष्ट्वा पशुहव्येन चागन्यः / प्राणानेवात्तुमिच्छन्ति नवान्नामिषगृद्धिनः

navenānnena cāniṣṭvā paśuhavyena cāganyaḥ / prāṇānevāttumicchanti navānnāmiṣagṛddhinaḥ

Wer, ohne zuvor das frische Korn rituell dargebracht zu haben, mit einer Gabe aus Tierfleisch an das Feuer herantritt—die Gierigen nach neuem Korn und Fleisch—der will wahrlich die eigenen Lebenshauche (prāṇa) verzehren.

navenawith new
navena:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootnava (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण) एकवचन; विशेषणम् (of annena)
annenawith food (grain)
annena:
Karaṇa (करणम्/instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootanna (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण) एकवचन
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)
aniṣṭvāwithout performing (a sacrifice)
aniṣṭvā:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषणम्)
TypeVerb
Rootiṣ (इष् धातु) + त्वा (क्त्वा)
Formक्त्वान्त-अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund): ‘without sacrificing’
paśu-havyenaby an animal oblation
paśu-havyena:
Karaṇa (करणम्/instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootpaśu (प्रातिपदिक) + havya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण) एकवचन; समासः तत्पुरुषः: पशोः हव्यम् (animal-offering)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय
aganyaḥ(he becomes) unacceptable / not to be reckoned
aganyaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeAdjective
Roota-ganya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन; नञ्-तत्पुरुष/नकार-पूर्वक विशेषण: गण्यः (countable/acceptable) → अगण्यः (not to be counted/acceptable)
prāṇānlives, vital breaths
prāṇān:
Karma (कर्म/object)
TypeNoun
Rootprāṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म) बहुवचन
evaindeed, only
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः/emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formअवधारणार्थक-अव्यय (emphatic particle)
attumto eat
attum:
Prayojana (प्रयोजनम्/purpose)
TypeVerb
Rootad (अद् धातु) + तुमुन् (तुमुन्)
Formतुमुनन्त-अव्ययकृदन्त (infinitive): ‘to eat’
icchantithey desire
icchanti:
Kriyā (क्रिया/predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootiṣ (इष् धातु)
Formलट् (present), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन, परस्मैपद
nava-anna-āmiṣa-gṛddhinaḥthose greedy for meat (along with new food)
nava-anna-āmiṣa-gṛddhinaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootnava (प्रातिपदिक) + anna (प्रातिपदिक) + āmiṣa (प्रातिपदिक) + gṛddhin (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा बहुवचन; बहुपद-तत्पुरुषः: नव-अन्न-आमिषे गृद्धिनः (greedy for meat with new food)

Traditional narration context: a Purana narrator (Suta-style) conveying a dharma-teaching passage; not part of the Upari-bhaga Ishvara Gita dialogue.

Primary Rasa: raudra

Secondary Rasa: bibhatsa

A
Agni
P
Prana

FAQs

By condemning the urge to “consume prāṇas,” the verse implies that true dharma respects the living principle (prāṇa) present in beings—an ethical foundation for inner purification that supports realization of the Self beyond craving.

It highlights preparatory discipline (yama-like restraint): curbing sense-craving (especially for meat) and aligning ritual action with purity. Such ethical regulation is treated in Purāṇic Yoga contexts as a prerequisite for steadiness of mind and higher practice.

Indirectly: the teaching emphasizes dharma, restraint, and purity as universal foundations shared across Shaiva and Vaishnava streams in the Kurma Purana’s synthesis, rather than sectarian rivalry.