Atharva Veda 9.10.5: Kanda 9, Anuvaka 1, Sukta 10, Mantra 5

Sukta 10

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

हि॒ङ्कृ॒ण्व॒ती व॑सु॒पत्नी॒ वसू॑नां व॒त्समि॒च्छन्ती॒ मन॑सा॒भ्यागा॑त्। दु॒हाम॒श्विभ्यां॒ पयो॑ अ॒घ्न्येयं सा व॑र्धतां मह॒ते सौभ॑गाय

IAST Transliteration

hiṅ-kṛṇvatī́ vasú-patnī́ vasū́nāṃ vatsám icchántī mánasā́bhy ā́gāt | duhā́m aśvíbhyāṃ páyo aghnyéyaṃ sā́ vardhatāṃ mahaté sáubhagāya

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Lowing ‘hiṅ,’ the mistress of riches, seeking her calf with mind, hath come hither. Let this inviolable cow milk out milk for the Aśvins; let her increase unto great good fortune.

Translation

Mit dem Laut „hiṅ“ brüllend, die Herrin der Reichtümer, die Gebieterin der Güter, nach dem Kalb im Sinn suchend, ist sie hierher gekommen. Diese unverletzliche Kuh soll für die Aśvins Milch ausmelken; sie möge wachsen zu großem Glück.

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Word by Word

• हि॒ङ्कृ॒ण्व॒ती: humming/lowing (making the ‘hiṅ’ sound)
• हि॒ङ्कृ॒ण्व॒ती: Kartā
• Type: Verb-derived adjective (participle)
• Root: हिङ्कृ (धातु) / हिङ्कृण्वत् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)

• वसुपत्नी: the mistress/lady of wealth (prosperity’s consort)
• वसुपत्नी: Kartā (apposition to previous) / Viśeṣaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: वसु-पत्नी (प्रातिपदिक; समासः)

• वसूनाम्: of riches/wealths
• वसूनाम्: Sambandha (genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वसु (प्रातिपदिक)

• वत्सम्: the calf
• वत्सम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वत्स (प्रातिपदिक)

• इच्छन्ती: desiring, seeking
• इच्छन्ती: Kartā (concurrent action of subject)
• Type: Verb-derived adjective (participle)
• Root: इष्/इच्छ् (धातु) / इच्छन्त् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)

• मनसा: with the mind, mentally
• मनसा: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• अभि: towards, unto
• अभि: Upasarga (direction/intensifier)
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb/preposition)
• Root: अभि

• आगात्: came, approached
• आगात्: Kriyā (finite verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ + गम् (धातु)

• दुहाम्: let her milk, may she yield (milk)
• दुहाम्: Kriyā (injunctive/optative command)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दुह् (धातु)

• अश्विभ्याम्: for the Aśvins
• अश्विभ्याम्: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun (dual deity name)
• Root: अश्विन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• पयः: milk
• पयः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पयस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• अघ्न्येयम्: this inviolable cow (not to be slain)
• अघ्न्येयम्: Kartā (subject identification)
• Type: Noun + pronoun (appositional)
• Root: अघ्न्या (प्रातिपदिक) + इयम् (सर्वनाम)

• सा: she
• सा: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम)

• वर्धताम्: let her grow/increase
• वर्धताम्: Kriyā (benediction)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वृध् (धातु)

• महते: for great
• महते: Sampradāna (goal/purpose, with following noun)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत् (प्रातिपदिक)

• सौभगाय: good fortune, prosperity
• सौभगाय: Sampradāna (purpose)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सौभग (प्रातिपदिक; ‘good fortune’)

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic/Angirasa tradition.

Devata: Aśvins; also the Cow as personified wealth.

Chandas: Likely Triṣṭubh-like; domestic-ritual diction.

Mantra Rasa

Primary: shringara

Secondary: karuna