Atharva Veda 18.3.46: Kanda 18, Anuvaka 1, Sukta 3, Mantra 46

Sukta 3

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

ये नः॑ पि॒तुः पि॒तरो॒ ये पि॑ताम॒हा अ॑नूजहि॒रे सो॑मपी॒थं वसि॑ष्ठाः । तेभि॑र्य॒मः सं॑ररा॒णो ह॒वींष्यु॒शन्नु॒शद्भिः॑ प्रतिका॒मम॑त्तु

Sanskrit recitationAtharva Veda 18.3.46

IAST Transliteration

yé naḥ pitúḥ pitáro yé pitāmahā́ anūjahiré somapī́thaṃ vasíṣṭhāḥ | tébhir yamáḥ sáṃrarāṇó havī́ṃṣy uśán uśádbhiḥ pratikā́mam attu

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

They who are Fathers of our father, they who are grandfathers, who in succession reached the Soma-drinking—those most excellent: with them let Yama, rejoicing, eat the oblations, himself desiring, with the desirous, according to each wish.

Translation

Die, die Väter unseres Vaters sind, die, die Großväter sind, die in Folge das Soma-Trinken (somapītha) erreichten — die Vorzüglichsten: mit ihnen möge Yama, frohlockend, die Havis (Opfergaben) genießen, selbst begehrend, mit den Begehrenden, nach jedem Wunsch.

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Word by Word

• ये: who (those who)
• ये: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → य-

• नः: of us / our
• नः: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम) → नस्

• पितुः: of (our) father
• पितुः: Sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ (प्रातिपदिक)

• पितरः: fathers, forefathers
• पितरः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ (प्रातिपदिक)

• ये: who
• ये: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → य-

• पितामहाः: grandfathers
• पितामहाः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितामह (प्रातिपदिक)

• अनूजहिरे: have followed/come after (in succession)
• अनूजहिरे: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √जॄ/√जॄ (जॄ = ‘to grow old/decay’; here Vedic perfect/preterite with anu-; traditional pada-text reads as anu-ūjahi-re)

• सोमपीथम्: the Soma-drinking (draught/feast)
• सोमपीथम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सोम-पीथ (समास; पीथ < √पा ‘to drink’)

• वसिष्ठाः: the Vasiṣṭhas (Vasiṣṭha clan/sages)
• वसिष्ठाः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: वसिष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक; ऋषिनाम)

• तेभिः: with them / by them
• तेभिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम) → त-

• यमः: Yama
• यमः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: यम (प्रातिपदिक)

• संरराणः: bringing together / assembling
• संरराणः: Kartā
• Type: Participle
• Root: √रा/√रॄ (Vedic √rā/√rṛ ‘to give/bring’; with sam-; reduplicated present participle)

• हवींषि: oblations
• हवींषि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: हविस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• उशन्: desiring
• उशन्: Kartā
• Type: Participle
• Root: √वश्/√उश् (Vedic √uś ‘to desire, wish’)

• उशद्भिः: with the desirous (ones)
• उशद्भिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Participle
• Root: √वश्/√उश् (Vedic √uś ‘to desire’)

• प्रतिकामम्: according to (each) desire / as wished
• प्रतिकामम्: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Adverbial noun
• Root: प्रति-काम (समास; काम < √कम् ‘to desire’)

• अत्तु: let him eat / may he partake
• अत्तु: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √अद् (to eat)

Attribution

Rishi: Pitṛ-hymn seer per AV Anukramaṇī tradition (edition-specific)

Devata: Pitaraḥ and Yama

Chandas: Triṣṭubh-like (mixed cadence; consult edition metrical apparatus)

Mantra Rasa

Primary: shanta

Secondary: karuna