Rig Veda 10.162.3 — Mandala 10, Sukta 162, Mantra 3
Sukta 10.162
Rishi: As above (uncertain).
Devata: Protective/exorcistic address; devatā implicit (Agni/Indra powers behind the expulsion).
Chandas: Likely Tr̥ṣṭubh.
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
यस्ते हन्ति पतयन्तं निषत्स्नुं यः सरीसृपम् । जातं यस्ते जिघांसति तमितो नाशयामसि ॥
Transliteration
yás te hánti patáyantaṃ niṣatsnúṃ yáḥ sarīsṛpám | jātáṃ yás te jíghāṃsati tám itó nāśayāmasi ||
Translation
যে ডানা মেলতে উদ্যতকে আঘাত করে, যে এখনও জীবনে স্থিত হতে থাকা সত্তাকে ক্ষতি করে, যে সরীসৃপের মতো সরে-চলা অঙ্কুরকে আক্রমণ করে—যে তোমার জন্য জন্মানোকে হত্যা করতে চায়, তাকে আমরা এখান থেকে বিনাশ করি।
Word by Word
यःwho (he who)
यः:
सम्बन्ध/अन्वय (यः … सः) — कर्तृपदस्य विशेषणम्
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
तेof you; your
ते:
सम्बन्ध (genitive) — ‘ते’ = ‘of you/your’
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
हन्तिkills; strikes
हन्ति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (धातु)
पतयन्तम्flying about
पतयन्तम्:
कर्म (object of हन्ति)
TypeParticiple (Adjectival)
Rootपतयन्त् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √पत्/पतय् ‘to fly about’)
निषत्स्नुम्sitting down; settled
निषत्स्नुम्:
कर्म (apposition to पतयन्तम्)
TypeAdjective/Noun
Rootनिषत्स्नु (प्रातिपदिक; ‘sitting/settled down’, from नि-√सद्)
यःwho
यः:
सम्बन्ध/अन्वय (relative) — कर्तृपदस्य विशेषणम्
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
सरीसृपम्a creeping creature; reptile
सरीसृपम्:
कर्म (object of implied/continued हन्ति)
TypeNoun
Rootसरीसृप (प्रातिपदिक; lit. ‘creeping’, reptile; from √सृप्)
जातम्born; produced
जातम्:
कर्म (qualifier/apposition to सरीसृपम्)
TypePast passive participle
Rootजात (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √जन् ‘to be born’)
यःwho
यः:
सम्बन्ध/अन्वय (relative) — कर्तृपदस्य विशेषणम्
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
तेyour
ते:
सम्बन्ध (genitive) — ‘your’
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
जिघांसतिwishes/intends to kill
जिघांसति:
क्रिया (in relative clause)
TypeVerb (Desiderative)
Rootहन् (धातु) with desiderative stem जिघांस-
तम्him; that one
तम्:
कर्म (object of नाशयामसि)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
इतःfrom here; hence; away
इतः:
अपादान/अधिकरण (ablatival sense: ‘from here/away from here’)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइतः (अव्यय; pronominal adverb from इ-)
नाशयामसिwe cause to perish; we drive away/destroy
नाशयामसि:
क्रिया
TypeVerb (Causative)
Rootनश्/नाशय् (धातु; causative of √नश् ‘to perish’)
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