Shloka 4

दितितपः-शक्रपरिचर्या-गर्भभेदः

Diti’s Penance, Indra’s Service, and the Severing of the Embryo

Devanagari script

तस्यास्तद्वचनं श्रुत्वा मारीच: काश्यपस्तदा।प्रत्युवाच महातेजा दितिं परमदु:खिताम्।।1.46.4।।

Transliteration

tasyās tad-vacanaṃ śrutvā mārīcaḥ kāśyapas tadā | pratyuvāca mahātejā ditiṃ parama-duḥkhitām || 1.46.4 ||

Translation

তার কথা শুনে, মরীচিপুত্র তেজস্বী কাশ্যপ তখন গভীর শোকে নিমগ্ন দিতিকে উত্তর দিলেন।

Word by Word

• तस्याः: of her
• तस्याः: सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी / Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गे, षष्ठी-विभक्तिः (Genitive/6th), एकवचनम्; सर्वनाम-रूपम्

• तत्: that
• तत्: कर्म (द्वितीया / Object-qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः (Accusative/2nd), एकवचनम्; ‘वचनम्’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• वचनम्: speech, words
• वचनम्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वचन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः (Accusative/2nd), एकवचनम्

• श्रुत्वा: having heard
• श्रुत्वा: क्रियाविशेषण (अव्ययीभाव / Adverbial to main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रु (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्यय (Gerund/Absolutive), ‘श्रुत्वा’ = having heard

• मारीचः: Marīca
• मारीचः: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मारीच (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (Nominative/1st), एकवचनम्

• काश्यपः: Kāśyapa
• काश्यपः: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: काश्यप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (Nominative/1st), एकवचनम्; ‘मारीचः’ इत्यस्य समानाधिकरणम्

• तदा: then
• तदा: कालाधिकरण (Time adjunct/काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (temporal adverb)

• प्रत्युवाच: replied
• प्रत्युवाच: क्रिया (Main action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्रति-उप-√वच् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकारः (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुषः (3rd person), एकवचनम्; परस्मैपदम्

• महातेजाः: of great splendor
• महातेजाः: कर्ता-विशेषण (Subject qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महातेजस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (Nominative/1st), एकवचनम्; समासः: महत् + तेजस् (कर्मधारय)

• दितिम्: Diti
• दितिम्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः (Accusative/2nd), एकवचनम्

• परमदुःखिताम्: deeply grieved
• परमदुःखिताम्: कर्म-विशेषण (Object qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परम-दुःखित (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः (Accusative/2nd), एकवचनम्; ‘दितिम्’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्; समासः: परम + दुःखित (कर्मधारय)

Context

Then, Maricha's son, exceedingly bright Kasyapa on hearing the words of Diti who was deeply grieved replied:

Characters & Entities

• Kāśyapa
• Marīci
• Diti

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma here is compassionate responsiveness: the sage listens to suffering and answers with guidance rather than indifference.

What is the narrative situation?

Diti, grieving, speaks to Kāśyapa; after hearing her plea, he prepares to respond with a boon/instruction.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Kāśyapa’s restraint and compassion—he listens carefully and replies in a measured, dharmic manner.