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Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 37

Saṃsāra-duḥkha: Karmic Descent, Garbhavāsa, Life’s Anxieties, Death, and the Call to Jñāna-Bhakti

ततश्च हस्तपादाकर्षणे न तु क्षमो रुद्रद्भिबंधुजनैर्वेष्टितो वक्तुमक्षमः स्वार्जितधनादिकं कस्य भविष्यतीति चिंतापरो बाष्पाविलविलोचनः कंठे वुरघुरायमाणे सति शरीरान्निष्क्रांतप्राणो यमदूतैर्भर्त्स्यमानः पाशयंत्रितो नरकादीन्पूर्ववदश्नुते ॥ ३७ ॥

tataśca hastapādākarṣaṇe na tu kṣamo rudradbhibaṃdhujanairveṣṭito vaktumakṣamaḥ svārjitadhanādikaṃ kasya bhaviṣyatīti ciṃtāparo bāṣpāvilavilocanaḥ kaṃṭhe vuraghurāyamāṇe sati śarīrānniṣkrāṃtaprāṇo yamadūtairbhartsyamānaḥ pāśayaṃtrito narakādīnpūrvavadaśnute || 37 ||

তাৰ পাছত সি হাত-পা টানাটানিৰ কষ্টো সহিব নোৱাৰে; কান্দি থকা আত্মীয়স্বজনৰ মাজত ঘেৰ খাই সি কথা ক’বলৈও অক্ষম হয়। ‘মোৰ উপাৰ্জিত ধন-সম্পদ এতিয়া কাৰ হ’ব?’—এই চিন্তাত ডুবি, অশ্ৰুজলে মেঘলা চকুৰে, গলাত ঘুৰঘুৰ শব্দ উঠি থাকোঁতে, প্ৰাণ দেহৰ পৰা ওলাই যায়। তেতিয়া যমদূতসকলে তাক তিৰস্কাৰ কৰে; পাশেৰে বেঁধি নিয়ন্ত্ৰণ কৰি, সি আগতে বৰ্ণিত নৰকাদি যাতনা ভোগ কৰে।

tataḥthen
tataḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottataḥ (अव्यय)
Formक्रमवाचक अव्यय (then)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक अव्यय
hasta-pāda-ākarṣaṇein the pulling of hands and feet
hasta-pāda-ākarṣaṇe:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Roothasta (प्रातिपदिक) + pāda (प्रातिपदिक) + ākarṣaṇa (ā√kṛṣ + ल्युट्)
Formतत्पुरुष; नपुंसकलिङ्ग; सप्तमी एकवचन; ‘in the pulling of hands and feet’
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध
tuhowever
tu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
Formविरोध/विशेषार्थक
kṣamaḥcapable
kṣamaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootkṣama (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन
rudradbhiḥby (people) crying
rudradbhiḥ:
Karana (करण)
TypeAdjective
Root√rud (धातु) + शतृ (शतृ)
Formकृदन्त (शतृ); पुंलिङ्ग; तृतीया बहुवचन; ‘by those crying’
bandhu-janaiḥby relatives
bandhu-janaiḥ:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootbandhu (प्रातिपदिक) + jana (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष; पुंलिङ्ग; तृतीया बहुवचन
veṣṭitaḥsurrounded
veṣṭitaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Root√veṣṭ (धातु) + kta
Formकृदन्त (क्त); पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन
vaktumto speak
vaktum:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
TypeVerb
Root√vac (धातु) + तुमुन्
Formतुमुनन्त (infinitive)
akṣamaḥunable
akṣamaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Roota- (नञ्) + kṣama (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन; नञ्-समास (negated)
sva-arjita-dhana-ādikamself-earned wealth etc.
sva-arjita-dhana-ādikam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootsva (प्रातिपदिक) + arjita (√arj + क्त) + dhana (प्रातिपदिक) + ādi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष; नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया एकवचन
kasyaof whom
kasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी एकवचन
bhaviṣyatiwill be/belong
bhaviṣyati:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√bhū (धातु)
Formलृट्; प्रथमपुरुष; एकवचन
itithus
iti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
Formउद्धरणसूचक
ciṃtā-paraḥintent on worry
ciṃtā-paraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootciṃtā (प्रातिपदिक) + para (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष; पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन; ‘ciṃtāyāṃ paraḥ’
bāṣpa-avila-vilocanaḥwith eyes clouded by tears
bāṣpa-avila-vilocanaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootbāṣpa (प्रातिपदिक) + avila (प्रातिपदिक) + vilocana (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारय; पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन
kaṇṭhein the throat
kaṇṭhe:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootkaṇṭha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; सप्तमी एकवचन
vuraghurāyamāṇewhen (it is) rattling (in the throat)
vuraghurāyamāṇe:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Root(onomatopoeic) vuraghurāya + √? + शानच्
Formकृदन्त; सप्तमी एकवचन; लोके (locative absolute); पाठभेद/देश्यध्वनि—कण्ठे घुरघुर-शब्दः (rattling)
satiwhen
sati:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Root√as (धातु) + शतृ
Formसप्तमी एकवचन; सति-प्रयोग (locative absolute)
śarīrātfrom the body
śarīrāt:
Apadana (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootśarīra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; पञ्चमी एकवचन (Abl sg)
niṣkrānta-prāṇaḥwhose life-breath has departed
niṣkrānta-prāṇaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootniṣ√kram (धातु) + kta + prāṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष; पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन; ‘niṣkrāntaḥ prāṇaḥ yasya’ (bahuvrīhi-sense, but form as tatpurusha)
yama-dūtaiḥby Yama’s messengers
yama-dūtaiḥ:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootyama (प्रातिपदिक) + dūta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष; पुंलिङ्ग; तृतीया बहुवचन
bhartsyamānaḥbeing rebuked
bhartsyamānaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Root√bharts (धातु) + शानच् (कर्मणि)
Formकर्मणि शानच्; पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन
pāśa-yaṃtritaḥbound by nooses
pāśa-yaṃtritaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootpāśa (प्रातिपदिक) + yaṃtrita (√yam/yaṃtr + क्त)
Formतत्पुरुष; पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन
naraka-ādīnhells and the like
naraka-ādīn:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootnaraka (प्रातिपदिक) + ādi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष; पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया बहुवचन
pūrvavatas before
pūrvavat:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootpūrvavat (अव्यय)
Formउपमानवाचक अव्यय (as before)
aśnuteexperiences/undergoes
aśnute:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√aś (धातु)
Formलट्; प्रथमपुरुष; एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

Narada (teaching in dialogue tradition with Sanatkumara lineage context)

Vrata: none

Primary Rasa: bhayanaka

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Y
Yama
Y
Yamaduta

FAQs

It warns that clinging to self-earned wealth and family ties at death intensifies fear and confusion, while the departing soul must face Yama’s judgment according to karma; therefore, one should cultivate detachment and dharma before death arrives.

By showing the helplessness of worldly attachments at the final moment, the verse indirectly urges reliance on remembrance of the Divine rather than possessions—supporting the bhakti principle that only spiritual refuge, not property, accompanies the soul.

No specific Vedanga (like Vyakarana, Jyotisha, or Kalpa) is taught here; the practical takeaway is ethical discipline (dharma) and preparation for death through right living and reduced attachment.