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Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 30

Saṃsāra-duḥkha: Karmic Descent, Garbhavāsa, Life’s Anxieties, Death, and the Call to Jñāna-Bhakti

बालापत्या च मे भार्या व्याधितोऽहं च निर्धनः । अविचारात्कृषिर्नष्टा पुत्रा नित्यं रुदंति च ॥ ३० ॥

bālāpatyā ca me bhāryā vyādhito'haṃ ca nirdhanaḥ | avicārātkṛṣirnaṣṭā putrā nityaṃ rudaṃti ca || 30 ||

মোৰ পত্নী সৰু সৰু সন্তানৰ ভাৰতে ক্লান্ত; মই ৰোগী আৰু দৰিদ্ৰ। অবিবেচনাৰ ফলত মোৰ খেতি নষ্ট হ’ল, আৰু মোৰ পুত্ৰসকলে নিতৌ কান্দে।

बालापत्याwith small children
बालापत्या:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootबाल + अपत्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुष-समासार्थः: 'having young children' (qualifies 'bhāryā')
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय (conjunction)
मेmy
मे:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी (6th), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
भार्याwife
भार्या:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootभार्या (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
व्याधितःafflicted/ill
व्याधितः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject complement)
TypeAdjective
Rootव्याधि (प्रातिपदिक) + त (कृदन्त-प्रत्यय)
Formकृदन्त (past participial adjective), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifies 'aham')
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय (conjunction)
निर्धनःpoor / without wealth
निर्धनः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject complement)
TypeAdjective
Rootनिर् + धन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifies 'aham')
अविचारात्from lack of judgment / due to negligence
अविचारात्:
Apadana (अपादान/Cause-source)
TypeNoun
Rootअविचार (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/अपादान), एकवचन; हेतौ (ablative of cause)
कृषिःcultivation / farming
कृषिः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootकृषि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
नष्टाruined / lost
नष्टा:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject complement)
TypeAdjective
Rootनश् (धातु) + क्त (प्रत्यय)
Formभूतकृदन्त (past participle/क्त), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विशेषण (predicate of 'kṛṣiḥ')
पुत्राःsons / children
पुत्राः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन
नित्यम्always
नित्यम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययीभाव-प्रयोगवत् क्रियाविशेषण (adverbial accusative)
रुदन्तिcry
रुदन्ति:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootरुद् (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), बहुवचन; परस्मैपद
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय (conjunction)

A distressed householder (narrative petitioner) speaking within the dialogue frame to Sage Nārada/Sanatkumāra context

Vrata: none

Primary Rasa: karuna

Secondary Rasa: shanta

FAQs

It voices the lived reality of duḥkha in gṛhastha-life—illness, poverty, and family distress—setting the ground for dharmic counsel: suffering is intensified by avicāra (lack of discernment), and relief is sought through right conduct and spiritually aligned choices.

Though Bhakti is not named here, the verse functions as a turning-point: when worldly supports (health, wealth, livelihood) collapse, the seeker becomes fit to approach a higher refuge—typically, in the Narada Purana’s arc, devotion and surrender to Hari/Vishnu guided by a teacher.

The emphasis is on vicāra (discernment) as practical wisdom for right action; it indirectly supports dharma in livelihood decisions rather than a specific Vedāṅga like Vyākaraṇa or Jyotiṣa being explicitly taught in this verse.