Atharva Veda 4.16.8 — Kanda 4, Anuvaka 2, Sukta 16, Mantra 8

Sukta 16

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

यः स॑मा॒म्यो॒३वरु॑णो॒ यो व्या॒म्यो॒३यः सं॑दे॒श्यो॒३वरु॑णो॒ यो वि॑दे॒श्यः । यो दै॒वो वरु॑णो॒ यश्च॒ मानु॑षः

IAST Transliteration

yáḥ samāmyò váruṇo yó vyāmyò yáḥ saṃdeśyò váruṇo yó videśyáḥ | yó daivó váruṇo yáś ca mānúṣaḥ

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

What Varuṇa is of our own bounds, what Varuṇa is of the outer bounds; what Varuṇa is pointed out by report, what Varuṇa is of foreign land—what Varuṇa is divine, and what is human:

Translation

যি বৰুণ আমাৰ নিজৰ সীমাৰ ভিতৰত, যি বৰুণ বাহিৰৰ সীমাত; যি বৰুণ সংবাদে দেখুওৱা, যি বৰুণ বিদেশ-দেশৰ—যি দেৱীয় বৰুণ, আৰু যি মানৱীয় বৰুণ—

Word by Word

• यः: who (he who)
• यः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• सामाम्यः: being in the same state/condition; ‘near/within the same (sphere)’
• सामाम्यः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सामाम्य (प्रातिपदिक; ‘साम’ + ‘आम्य’/‘आम्य’ भाव)

• वरुणः: Varuṇa
• वरुणः: Kartā
• Type: Noun (proper/deity)
• Root: वरुण (प्रातिपदिक)

• यः: who
• यः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• व्याम्यः: being apart/different; ‘in a separated state’
• व्याम्यः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: व्याम्य (प्रातिपदिक; ‘वि/व्य’ उपसर्ग-भाव)

• यः: who
• यः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• संदेश्यः: to be indicated/assigned; ‘designated’
• संदेश्यः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective (gerundive/नीयार्थ)
• Root: संदेश्य (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; सं-√दिश् ‘to point out/assign’ → -य (यत्) ‘to be indicated/sent’)

• वरुणः: Varuṇa
• वरुणः: Kartā
• Type: Noun (proper/deity)
• Root: वरुण (प्रातिपदिक)

• यः: who
• यः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• विदेश्यः: to be directed/pointed out; ‘distinguished/assigned separately’
• विदेश्यः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective (gerundive/नीयार्थ)
• Root: विदेश्य (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; वि-√दिश् ‘to point out/direct’ → -य (यत्) ‘to be directed/pointed out’)

• यः: who
• यः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• दैवः: divine
• दैवः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दैव (प्रातिपदिक; देव-सम्बन्धी)

• वरुणः: Varuṇa
• वरुणः: Kartā
• Type: Noun (proper/deity)
• Root: वरुण (प्रातिपदिक)

• यः: who
• यः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• च: and
• च: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (निपात)

• मानुषः: human; belonging to men
• मानुषः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective/Substantive
• Root: मानुष (प्रातिपदिक; मनु-सम्बन्धी)

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic tradition (hymn-family associated with Varuṇa-pāśa formulas)

Devata: Varuṇa (as pāśa-holder; also ‘human/divine’ agency of constraint)

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (predominant Atharvanic narrative-catalogue cadence)

Mantra Rasa

Primary: shanta