Rig Veda 10.23.4 — Mandala 10, Sukta 23, Mantra 4
Sukta 10.23
Rishi: Vimada (Vaimada) (traditional attribution for RV 10.23)
Devata: Indra (with rain/wind imagery; Soma present)
Chandas: Trishtubh (likely; requires metrical verification)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
सो चिन्नु वृष्टिर्यूथ्या स्वा सचाँ इन्द्रः श्मश्रूणि हरिताभि प्रुष्णुते । अव वेति सुक्षयं सुते मधूदिद्धूनोति वातो यथा वनम् ॥
Transliteration
só cín nu vṛṣṭír yū́thyā svā́ sacā́ṃ índraḥ śmáśrūṇi hárītābhí pruṣṇute | áva veti su-kṣáyaṃ suté mádhūd íd dhūnoti vā́to yáthā vánam ||
Translation
وكذلك الآن يأتي المطرُ في جماعته، ومعه إندرا رفيقًا له؛ وبقواه الشقراء يرشُّ لحيته. ويهبط إلى مسكنٍ حسن؛ وعند سوما العسلِ المعصور يهزُّ الكيان، كما تهزُّ الريحُ الغابة.
Word by Word
सःhe
सः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
चित्indeed, even
चित्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचित् (निपात)
नुnow, indeed
नु:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनु (निपात)
वृष्टिःrain, shower
वृष्टिः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootवृष्टि- (√वृष् ‘to rain, shower’)
यूथ्याin troops, massed (troop-like)
यूथ्या:
—
TypeAdjective
Rootयूथ्य- (यूथ ‘herd, troop’ + य) अथवा यूथ्या- (विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक)
स्वाown, of itself
स्वा:
—
TypeAdjective
Rootस्व- (विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक) / स्वा (स्त्री. प्रथमा एक.)
सचाँaccompanying, in company (with)
सचाँ:
—
TypeParticiple (Adjective) / Kṛdanta
Root√सच् ‘to accompany, follow’ (वेद. कृदन्त) सचान-
इन्द्रःIndra
इन्द्रः:
Kartā
TypeNoun (Proper)
Rootइन्द्र- (देवनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
श्मश्रूणिbeards, whiskers
श्मश्रूणि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootश्मश्रु- (प्रातिपदिक)
हरिताभिःwith the tawny (mares)
हरिताभिः:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun/Adjective (instrumental plural)
Rootहरिता- (विशेषण/नाम; ‘tawny, bay (mares)’)
प्रुष्णुतेsprinkles, spatters
प्रुष्णुते:
—
TypeVerb
Root√प्रुष्/√पृष् (वेद. ‘to sprinkle, spatter’)
अवdown, away
अव:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअव (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
वेतिmoves, goes
वेति:
—
TypeVerb
Root√वे (वेद. ‘to go, hasten, blow/move’)
सुक्षयम्to a good dwelling; good abode
सुक्षयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootसु-क्षय- (क्षय ‘dwelling, abode’ with सु-)
सुतेin the pressed (soma)
सुते:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun (locative) / Kṛdanta used substantively
Rootसुत- (√सु ‘to press (soma)’)
मधुsweet drink; honey (soma)
मधु:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमधु- (प्रातिपदिक)
उत्up, forth
उत्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउत् (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
धूनोतिshakes, tosses about
धूनोति:
—
TypeVerb
Root√धू (धूनोति-प्रयोगः ‘to shake, toss, scatter’)
वातःwind
वातः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootवात- (√वा ‘to blow’)
यथाas, like
यथा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा (अव्यय)
वनम्forest, wood
वनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवन- (प्रातिपदिक)
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