Rig Veda 1.33.10: Mandala 1, Sukta 33, Mantra 10

Sukta 1.33

Rishi: Gautama Rāhūgaṇa

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Triṣṭubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

न ये दिवः पृथिव्या अन्तमापुर्न मायाभिर्धनदां पर्यभूवन् । युजं वज्रं वृषभश्चक्र इन्द्रो निर्ज्योतिषा तमसो गा अदुक्षत् ॥

Transliteration

ná ye diváḥ pṛthivyā́ ántam ā́pur ná māyā́bhir dhanadā́ṃ páry abhūvan | yújaṃ vájraṃ vṛṣabháś cakra índro nír jyótiṣā támaso gā́ adukṣat ||

Translation

لم يبلغوا أقصى السماء والأرض، ولا استطاعوا بخُدَعهم (māyā) أن يطوّقوا واهبَ الوفرة. إندرا، الثور، قرنَ الفَجْرَة (vajra)؛ وبالنور حلبَ الأبقارَ من الظلمة—أشعّةَ المعرفة المستخرَجة من ليلِ اللاوعي.

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Word by Word

• न: not
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• ये: who (those who)
• ये: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (य-प्रातिपदिक)

• दिवः: of heaven, from heaven
• दिवः: Apādāna (source/limit in comparison) / Adhikaraṇa (domain)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिव्/द्यौ (प्रातिपदिक: दिव्/द्यौ)

• पृथिव्याः: of earth, from earth
• पृथिव्याः: Apādāna (source/limit) / Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: पृथिवी

• अन्तमाः: the farthest/utmost (ones)
• अन्तमाः: Kartā (with ये)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अन्तम (superlative of अन्त)

• आपुः: reached, attained
• आपुः: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: आप् (धातु: आप् ‘to reach, attain’)

• न: not
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• मायाभिः: by (their) magical powers, by stratagems
• मायाभिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: माया

• धनदाम्: the wealth-giver
• धनदाम्: Karma
• Type: Noun/Adjective (epithet)
• Root: धनदा (धन + दा ‘giver of wealth’)

• परि: around, all around
• परि: —
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb) / Adverb
• Root: परि

• अभूवन्: they became, they encompassed
• अभूवन्: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु: भू ‘to be, become’)

• युजम्: a yoked/paired (one), a fit companion
• युजम्: Karma (object made/appointed)
• Type: Adjective/Noun
• Root: युज् (प्रातिपदिक: युज् ‘yoke-fellow/paired’)

• वज्रम्: the thunderbolt
• वज्रम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वज्र

• वृषभः: the bull (mighty one)
• वृषभः: Kartā (apposition to इन्द्रः)
• Type: Noun (epithet)
• Root: वृषभ

• चकार: made, fashioned
• चकार: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु: कृ ‘to make, do’)

• इन्द्रः: Indra
• इन्द्रः: Kartā
• Type: Noun (deity)
• Root: इन्द्र

• निः: out, forth
• निः: —
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb) / Adverb
• Root: निः

• ज्योतिषा: with light, by radiance
• ज्योतिषा: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: ज्योतिस्

• तमसः: of darkness, from darkness
• तमसः: Apādāna (from darkness) / Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: तमस्

• गाः: cows (also: rays of light)
• गाः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: गो

• अदुक्षत्: they milked out, they drew forth
• अदुक्षत्: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: दुह् (धातु: दुह् ‘to milk’)