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Shloka 27

Adhyaya 35Madālasa’s Instruction on Purity, Impurity, and Corrective Rites (Śauca and Aśauca)

उपवासस् त्रिरात्रन्तु दुष्टभक्ताशिनो भवेत् ।

अज्ञाते ज्ञानपूर्वन्तु तद्दोषोपशमेन तु ॥

upavāsas trirātraṃ tu duṣṭa-bhaktāśino bhavet | ajñāte jñāna-pūrvaṃ tu tad-doṣopaśamena tu ||

ومن أكل طعامًا مدنّسًا فُرض عليه صومُ ثلاثِ ليالٍ. فإن كان ذلك عن غير علمٍ كانت الطهارة على قدره؛ وإن كان عن علمٍ وتعمدٍ وجب تسكين تلك الخطيئة وإزالتها بكفّارةٍ لائقة.

उपवासःfasting
उपवासः:
कर्ता (प्रथमा)
TypeNoun
Rootउपवास (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular
त्रिthree
त्रि:
विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रि (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNumeral adjective, indeclinable stem; used in compound with रात्र
रात्रम्for a night (duration)
रात्रम्:
कालाधिकरण (द्वितीया-अत्यन्तसंयोग)
TypeNoun
Rootरात्रि/रात्र (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (as रात्रम्), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; duration-accusative
तुbut/indeed
तु:
सम्बन्ध (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle), contrast/emphasis
दुष्टspoiled/impure
दुष्ट:
विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootदुष्ट (प्रातिपदिक/विशेषण)
FormMasculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (in compound sense with भक्त)
भक्तfood
भक्त:
सम्बन्ध
TypeNoun
Rootभक्त (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (in compound sense)
अशिनःof one who eats
अशिनः:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootअशिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular; ‘of the eater’
भवेत्should be
भवेत्:
क्रिया (विधि)
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (optative), परस्मैपद, 3rd person, Singular
अज्ञातेwhen (it is) unknown
अज्ञाते:
अधिकरण (सप्तमी)
TypeAdjective
Rootअ-ज्ञात (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त)
Formभूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (PPP) used adjectivally, Neuter, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular; ‘when unknown’
ज्ञानwith knowledge
ज्ञान:
करण (तृतीया)
TypeNoun
Rootज्ञान (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (in compound sense with पूर्व)
पूर्वम्beforehand
पूर्वम्:
क्रियाविशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootपूर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular used adverbially; ‘beforehand’
तुbut/indeed
तु:
सम्बन्ध (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle)
तत्of that
तत्:
सम्बन्ध
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (in compound sense with दोष)
दोषfault/impurity
दोष:
सम्बन्ध
TypeNoun
Rootदोष (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (in compound sense)
उपशमेनby pacification/removal
उपशमेन:
करण (तृतीया)
TypeNoun
Rootउपशम (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular
तुindeed
तु:
सम्बन्ध (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle)
Dharma-instructional narration within the Purāṇic discourse (speaker not specified in the provided excerpt)

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "karuna", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

DharmaPrāyaścitta (expiation)Food ethicsIntention (knowingly vs unknowingly)

FAQs

Moral weight depends on intention and awareness: the same act has different consequences and remedies when done unknowingly versus knowingly, reflecting a nuanced ethics of culpability.

Ācāra/dharma instruction.

The three-night fast can be read as resetting the ‘inner fire’ (agni) and re-establishing mastery over desire; knowingly eating impurity symbolizes deliberate indulgence requiring deeper correction.