Shloka 6

Adhyaya 18 — Arjuna Declines the Throne; Garga Directs Him to Dattatreya; The Gods Defeat the Daityas through Dattatreya’s Vision and the Movement of Lakshmi

Sanskrit

इष्टापूर्तविनाशाय तद्राज्ञश्चौरधर्मिणः ।

यद्यन्यैः पालयते लोकस्तद्वृत्तयन्तरसंश्रितैः ॥

Transliteration

iṣṭāpūrta-vināśāya tad rājñaś caura-dharmiṇaḥ /

yad yanyaiḥ pālyate lokas tad vṛttay antarasaṃśritaiḥ

Translation

الملك الذي يتصرف كالسارق يُفضي إلى هلاك مكاسبِه من برّ iṣṭa وpūrta؛ لأنه إذا كان الناس محميين بغيره—ممن يحيون بوسائل أخرى—فإن ما يأخذه الملك يكون سرقة.

Word by Word

• इष्टापूर्त-विनाशाय: for the destruction of sacrifices and charities
• इष्टापूर्त-विनाशाय: Prayojana (प्रयोजन/उद्देश्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इष्ट (प्रातिपदिक) + आपूर्त (प्रातिपदिक) + विनाश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Dative (4th/चतुर्थी), Singular; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (इष्टापूर्तयोः विनाशः)

• तत्: that
• तत्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative (1st/2nd), Singular; used correlatively with यद् (in next line)

• राज्ञः: of the king
• राज्ञः: Shashthi-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular

• चौर-धर्मिणः: of (a king) having the conduct of a thief
• चौर-धर्मिणः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: चौर (प्रातिपदिक) + धर्मिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular; qualifying राज्ञः; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (चौरस्य धर्मः यस्य)

• यदि: if
• यदि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/शर्त)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यदि (अव्यय)
• Form: Indeclinable conditional particle (निपात)

• अन्यैः: by others
• अन्यैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural

• पाल्यते: is protected/maintained
• पाल्यते: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: पाल् (धातु)
• Form: Present tense (लट्), Passive voice (कर्मणि), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)

• लोकः: the people/world
• लोकः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लोक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; passive subject

• तत्: then that
• तत्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative (1st/2nd), Singular; correlating with यदि-clause

• वृत्ति-अन्तर-संश्रितैः: by those resorting to other livelihoods/means
• वृत्ति-अन्तर-संश्रितैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वृत्ति (प्रातिपदिक) + अन्तर (प्रातिपदिक) + संश्रित (प्रातिपदिक; PPP of सम्+श्रि)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural; qualifying अन्यैः; compound sense: 'resorting to other means of livelihood'

Speakers

• Narrative voice conveying rājadharma doctrine

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "dharma", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Iṣṭa-pūrta
• Misrule as theft
• Merit destruction
• Legitimacy of taxation

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

A ruler’s moral legitimacy depends on delivering protection. Without that, revenue-taking is equated to theft and destroys the ruler’s accumulated religious merit.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Dharma/nīti instruction within vaṃśānucarita; it also touches the Purāṇic concern with karma (puṇya-kṣaya).

What is the esoteric significance?

Iṣṭa-pūrta represent ‘visible’ and ‘invisible’ capital of dharma. The verse implies adharma governance consumes both spiritual and material reserves, leaving the polity hollow.