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Shloka 23

यथा यथा हायुध्यन्त पाण्डवानां महारथा: । तथा तथा तदस्त्र॑ वै व्यवर्धत जनाधिप,यथा हि शिशिरापाये दहेत्‌ कक्ष हुताशन: । तथा तदस्त्रं पाण्डूनां ददाह ध्वजिनीं प्रभो प्रभो! जैसे सर्दी बीतनेपर गर्मीमें लगी हुई आग सूखे काठ या जंगलको जला डाले, उसी प्रकार वह अस्त्र पाण्डव-सेनाको भस्म करने लगा

sañjaya uvāca |

yathā yathā hy āyudhyanta pāṇḍavānāṃ mahārathāḥ |

tathā tathā tad astraṃ vai vyavardhata janādhipa |

yathā hi śiśirāpāye dahet kakṣa hutāśanaḥ |

tathā tad astraṃ pāṇḍūnāṃ dadāha dhvajinīṃ prabho ||

قال سنجيا: «أيها الملك، كلما واصل عظماء فرسان المركبات من الباندافا القتال ازداد ذلك السلاح قوةً. وكما أن نارًا تُوقَد بعد انقضاء الشتاء، في قيظ الحر، تحرق الحطب اليابس والأجمة، كذلك بدأ ذلك السلاح، يا مولاي، يلتهم جيش الباندافا».

यथाas/just as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
यथाso/as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
indeed/just
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आयुध्यन्तthey fought
आयुध्यन्त:
TypeVerb
Rootयुध्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), Ātmanepada, 3, Plural
पाण्डवानाम्of the Pāṇḍavas
पाण्डवानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
महारथाःgreat chariot-warriors
महारथाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहारथ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तथाso/then
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
तथाin that manner
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
तत्that
तत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अस्त्रम्weapon/missile
अस्त्रम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअस्त्र
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
व्यवर्धतgrew/increased
व्यवर्धत:
TypeVerb
Rootवृध्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), Parasmaipada, 3, Singular
जनाधिपO lord of men (king)
जनाधिप:
TypeNoun
Rootजनाधिप
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
यथाjust as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
हिfor/indeed
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
शिशिरापायेat the end of winter
शिशिरापाये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootशिशिरापाय
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
दहेत्would burn
दहेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootदह्
FormOptative (Liṅ), Parasmaipada, 3, Singular
कक्षम्thicket/brushwood
कक्षम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकक्ष
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
हुताशनःfire (the eater of offerings)
हुताशनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootहुताशन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तथाso
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
तत्that
तत्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अस्त्रम्weapon/missile
अस्त्रम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअस्त्र
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
पाण्डूनाम्of the sons of Pāṇḍu
पाण्डूनाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डु
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
ददाहburned
ददाह:
TypeVerb
Rootदह्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), Parasmaipada, 3, Singular
ध्वजिनीम्army
ध्वजिनीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootध्वजिनी
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
प्रभोO lord
प्रभो:
TypeNoun
Rootप्रभु
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
प्रभोO lord
प्रभो:
TypeNoun
Rootप्रभु
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
J
Janādhipa (Dhṛtarāṣṭra, addressed as king)
P
Pāṇḍavas
M
Mahārathas (Pāṇḍava great warriors)
A
Astra (weapon/missile)
H
Hutāśana (fire)
D
Dhvajinī (army/host)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how violence in war can become self-amplifying: as elite warriors intensify combat, the instruments of destruction (astra-power) also intensify, leading to indiscriminate devastation—an implicit ethical warning about escalation and the catastrophic momentum of battle.

Sañjaya reports to the king that as the Pāṇḍava great chariot-warriors continue fighting, a particular astra grows stronger and begins to burn through the Pāṇḍava forces, compared to fire consuming dry scrub when winter has ended.